Black American civil rights, c1955–80

Question 1

What phrase used in the Brown vs Board of Education 1955 ruling hampered the progress of desegregation?

Answer 1

‘with all deliberate speed’

Question 2

When did the Montgomery Bus Boycott end?

Answer 2

5 December 1955

Question 3

For how long did the Montgomery Bus Boycott last?

Answer 3

380 days

Question 4

Who organised the Montgomery Bus boycott?

Answer 4

The MIA (Montgomery Improvement Association) with MLK

Question 5

What percentage of people using the buses boycotted?

Answer 5

75% of users were black, and 90% of the Black African Americans boycotted

Question 6

When did the Supreme Court rule bus segregation unconstitutional?

Answer 6

13 November 1956

Question 7

When was incident of Little Rock, Arkansas?

Answer 7

4 September 1957

Question 8

When was the Greensboro sit in?

Answer 8

1 February 1960

Question 9

How many students participated in the Greensboro sit in?

Answer 9

30

Question 10

When was the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) setup?

Answer 10

15 April 1960

Question 11

What was one of the jobs of the SNCC?

Answer 11

Encourage voter registration

Question 12

When were the Freedom rides?

Answer 12

1961

Question 13

Why were the Freedom rides undertaken?

Answer 13

Morgan vs Virginia (1946) and Boynton vs Virginia (1960) rulings for the desegregation of buses

Question 14

When were the Birmingham, Alabama riots?

Answer 14

1963

Question 15

Who was the racist chief of police during the Birmingham Alabama riots?

Answer 15

‘Bull’ Connor

Question 16

After the Birmingham Alabama riots, what percentage of people thought race was the USA’s most pressing problem?

Answer 16

42%

Question 17

When was freedom summer?

Answer 17

1964

Question 18

How many of the 17,000 who tried to register to vote during Freedom Summer were accepted?

Answer 18

1,600

Question 19

When were the Black Panthers formed?

Answer 19

1966

Question 20

Stokely Carmichael was the leader of which organisation in 1965?

Answer 20

SNCC

Question 21

Carmichael suggested that the calls for ‘freedom’ should be replace with calls for…

Answer 21

‘Black Power’

Question 22

Which major cities had riots in 1964?

Answer 22

New York, Chicago, Philadelphia

Question 23

How much aid was given LA in 1965 after the riots there in 1965?

Answer 23

$18 million

Question 24

When did 102 southern Congressman sign the Southern Manifesto condemning the Brown vs Board of Education ruling?

Answer 24

12 March 1956

Question 25

How many troops had to aid in the integration of the University of Mississippi in 1962?

Answer 25

3000

Question 26

In 1963 Kennedy had to interfere in which state to desegregate the University after the Governor prevented two black students from doing so?

Answer 26

Alabama

Question 27

When was the March on Washington?

Answer 27

28 August 1963?

Question 28

How many people attended the March on Washington?

Answer 28

200,000 to 500,000

Question 29

When was the Selma march?

Answer 29

1965

Question 30

When did the Northern Crusade by MLK begin?

Answer 30

1966

Question 31

What issues did the Northern Crusade highlight?

Answer 31

Unions, working conditions, teaching, poverty

Question 32

When was the Fair Housing Act that addressed land discrimination?

Answer 32

1968

Question 33

When was the National Housing Act that gave low interest long term loans?

Answer 33

1934

Question 34

What was the Civil Rights Act passed?

Answer 34

1964

Question 35

When was the Voting Rights Act passed?

Answer 35

1965

Question 36

When was the Heart of Atlanta motel vs United States ruling?

Answer 36

1964

Question 37

What was the Heart of Atlanta motel vs United States ruling?

Answer 37

Private businesses had to abide by the 1964 Civil Rights Act

Question 38

What did the 1957 Civil Rights Act do?

Answer 38

Set up a Civil Rights Commission, and gives the federal justice department more rights to supervise voter registration

Question 39

What did the 1960 Civil Rights Act do?

Answer 39

It's a crime to obstruct federal orders by threat or force and authorises federal 'referees' for voting

Question 40

When was Kennedy's Executive order that banned discrimination in the allocation of federal housing?

Answer 40

1962

Question 41

Which commission did the 1964 Civil Rights Act setup?

Answer 41

Equal Opportunities commission

Question 42

What did the 1964 Civil Rights do?

Answer 42

Ban discrimination for sex or race in hiring, firing and promoting

Question 43

What did the 1965 Voting Rights Act do?

Answer 43

Ban any attempts to stop people voting; provisions for federal enforcement for 5 years

Question 44

In which years was the Voting Rights Act provisions reconfirmed?

Answer 44

1970, 1975, 1982 and 2007

Question 45

When was the Emergency School Aid Act that provided funding for schools that desegregating?

Answer 45

1970

Question 46

When was the second Emergency School Aid Act passed?

Answer 46

1972

Question 47

When was the Swann v Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education ruling?

Answer 47

1971

Question 48

What was the Swann v Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education ruling?

Answer 48

Upholds policy of busing children out of poor areas to desegregated schools

Question 49

When was the Education Amendments Act that restricted busing by giving more money to inner-city schools for improvements?

Answer 49

1972

Question 50

What percentage of Black African Americans voted in 1966 and 1980?

Answer 50

58.2% and 60%

Question 51

What did the socio-economic score of Professional Black Americans rise to between 1940 and 1980?

Answer 51

16 to 31

Question 52

What did affirmative action orders create within the workplace?

Answer 52

'minority quotas'

Question 53

In 1980, what percentage of black high school drop outs, aged 25-34, have a criminal record?

Answer 53

75%