Bitewing Radiography and Paralleling Periapical Radiography Flashcards

1
Q

what are the benefits to intra oral radiographs

A

high spatial resolution, minimal superimposition of other anatomy, fast exposure, low radiation dose per image

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2
Q

what are the downsides to intra orals

A

limited to imaging of small areas, relatively invasive for patient, relatively difficult technique

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3
Q

what are size 0 receptors used for

A

anterior periapicals

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4
Q

what are size 2 receptors used for

A

bitewings and posterior periapicals

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5
Q

what are size 4 receptors used for

A

occlusals

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6
Q

what is projection geometry

A

positioning of all the components involved in taking a radiograph

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7
Q

how do you reduce magnification in an x-ray

A

position receptor closer to the subject

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8
Q

what makes an image shorter

A

if the subject is not perpendicular to x-ray beam

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9
Q

what makes an image longer

A

if receptor is not perpendicular to x-ray beam

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10
Q

how do you achieve the best possible projection geometry

A

maintain sufficient focus to skin distance
position receptor as close to tooth as reasonably possible
ensure receptor is as stable as possible in the mouth
use image receptor holders with a beam aiming device
keep patient still

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11
Q

what does a longer focus to skin distance do

A

reduce magnification of image

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12
Q

what should focus to skin distance be for intra oral units

A

at least 200mm

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13
Q

how is focus to skin distance maintained

A

using a spacer cone

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14
Q

where is the focus to skin distance measured from

A

x-ray source

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15
Q

what is the function of receptor holders

A

aid positioning

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16
Q

what does the receptor support on the holder do

A

helps keep receptor upright and prevents receptor bending

17
Q

what does the bite block on holder do

A

helps stabilise holder

18
Q

what does the beam aiming device on holder do

A

helps ensure beam is perpendicular to subject/receptor

19
Q

what do bitewings aim to show

A

premolars and molars, maxillary and mandibular teeth, interdental bone, minimal overlap of teeth

20
Q

what teeth are bitewings used for

A

posteriors only

21
Q

what are the indications for bitewings

A

detection/monitoring of caries
assessment of dental restorations
detection/monitoring of periodontal bone loss

22
Q

how many bitewings should you take per side

A

ideally 1 but maybe 2 to avoid overlap

23
Q

what is the curve of spee

A

the curve made between maxillary and mandibular teeth on a bitewing radiograph

24
Q

what do paralleling periapicals aim to show

A

1-4 teeth, only maxillary or mandibular, entire crown and root, alveolar bone, nearby anatomical structures

25
Q

what teeth can periapicals be used for

A

any tooth

26
Q

what are the indications for periapicals

A

detection of apical inflammation
detecting/monitoring of periodontal bone loss
assessment of unerupted teeth
assessment of root morphology for extraction/periradicular surgery
evaluation of endodontic treatment
assessment after dental trauma
planning/monitoring dental implants
evaluation of lesions within alveolar bone