Bird Nutrition

Question 1

Protein requirements

Answer 1

High-protein requirements– Fishmeal and soybean meal is commonHigh glycine and Argonne requirements (2aas) -due to uric acid excretion

Question 2

Energy requirements

Answer 2

Basic machine = carbs– Typically cereal grains mealsSecondary energy source = fats– Increased energy concentration

Question 3

Mineral supplements

Answer 3

Calcium in laying hens-oyster shellsPhosphorus-low P availability as birds digestive tract doesn’t extract well

Question 4

Vitamin supplements

Answer 4

B complexD3, especially in checksE, and diet high in unsaturated fatsKay, due to lack of intestinal synthesis-Small hemorrhages otherwise

Question 5

Pigments requirements

Answer 5

Aflatoxin from moldy feeds impairs pigment absorption

Question 6

Carnivore diets

Answer 6

Bird of prey formulaPiscivores: BOP + fish + vitamin E

Question 7

Omnivore diet and herbivore diet

Answer 7

Generalized bird dietSpecific formula (crane, ratite, waterfowl, pellets)Many add fruits and vegetables

Question 8

Herbivore and omnivore diet examples

Answer 8

Zupreem lory, soft bill diets, nuzu diets, ratite maintenance diet,

Question 9

Lori/lorikeets diets

Answer 9

Lory nectar mix and fruit

Question 10

Hummingbird diet

Answer 10

Nectar mix not just sugar water

Question 11

Seed diets

Answer 11

Size based on beak sizeCereal Oil seeds

Question 12

Grit

Answer 12

Need to grind food in gizzard

Question 13

Types of grit

Answer 13

Soluble grit- breaks downInsoluble grit- crushed granite 2-3x per year.

Question 14

Cuttle bone

Answer 14

Calcium sourceRelieves boredom

Question 15

Problems with bird nutrition

Answer 15

PerosisGizzard erosionAscitesEgg quality issuesNutritional secondary hyperparathyrodism

Question 16

Perosis

Answer 16

Slipped tendon

Question 17

Gizzard erision

Answer 17

Ulceration of gizzardContamination of fish meal with myotoxins

Question 18

Ascites

Answer 18

Fluid accumulation in body cavitiesCauses: excess feed in growing birds > rapid muscle growth, circulatory system cannot keep upExcess sodiumPoor quality foods

Question 19

Egg quality issues

Answer 19

Small size poor shell qualityLow calcium or energy in the diet

Question 20

Nutritional secondary hyperparathyrodism

Answer 20

Feather chewingBone fractureLow calciumPsittacines Supply 0.5-1% calcium diets