Biotechnology Flashcards
Define restriction endonuclease and who found them?
Aka molecular scissors
They restrict the growth of virus/ bacteriophage in bacteria.
Isolated in 1963 by arber nathans and smith
Seq of ECOR1
5’ GAATTC 3’
Staggered
More than 900 restriction enzymes have been isolated from how many different strains of bacteria?
230
First restriction enzyme to be isolated was?
HIND 2 (II)
5’GTTACC3’
haemophillus influenza
Blunt ends
First recombinant plasmid?
Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1972
Native plasmid of salmonella typhimurium was inserted into E Coli ( resistance to streptomycin)
Father of genetic engineering
Paul berg
SV-40 ( simian virus ka gene was inserted into E Coli with the help of bacteriophage lambda
On hydrolysis of x-gal (substrate) blue colour is seen in which?
Transfomant non recombinant
Agrobacterium tumefacians ke baare mein batao
Causes crown gall disease in dicots. It is a gram negative bacteria
It has Ti (tumor inducing) plasmid.
In Ti plasmid.. which region is essential for transfer and integration of T- dna ( transfer dna) into plant cells?
Vir region / virulence region.
Wat are retro viruses?
Used to infect animal cells
Can cause cancer
Shuttle vectors?
Have 2 ori sites -
One for eukaryotes and one for prokaryotes
Eg- yeast episomal plasmid (YEp)
Why is chilled ethanol used in isolation of dna
Jab chilled ethanol ko daalenge to dna precipitates out and via spooling ham use remove kr skte
Dna fragments in agrose gel media move towards?
Anode (+)
Wat is pcr?
Dna replication on a large scale!
Pcr- polymerase chain reaction
Wat is a competent host?
Host which has the ability to pick up the r-dna
Golden rice is enriched in?
Vitamin A
Protein coded bt cry 1 Ab controls?
Corn borer
Protein coded by cry 1 Ac and cry 2 Ab control?
Cotton bollworms
Examples of lepidopterans
Tobacco budworm
Armyworm
Coelpterons
Beetles
Dipeterans?
Flies and mosquito
The bt toxin is coded by?
Cry gene.. cry 1 Ac
Wat is Meloidegyne incognitia?
A nematode which infects the roots of tobacco plants
State t/f
RNAi takes place in some specific eukaryotes as a method of physiological defence
FALSE..
it takes place in all eukaryotes as a method of cellular defence
Which vectors were used to introduce nematode specific genes into host plant?
Agrobacterium vectors
In mammals including humans insulin is synthesized as
Pro hormone.. ie it needs to be processed before it becomes fully functional
Wat is not present in the mature insulin?
C-peptide is not present in the mature insulin.
Wat was the main challenge for production of insulin using rdna technique?
Getting insulin assembled into a mature form.
Which enzyme is crucial for the immune system to work?
ADA( adenosine deaminase)
Wat are the conventional methods of diagnosis?
Serum and urine analysis
ELISA is based on which principle?
Antigen-antibody interaction
ELISA- Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay
Which sequence is responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked dna
Ori
Dna is hydrophilic molecule true / false
TRUE
Wat helps in identifying non transformants
Selectable markers
A procedure through which a piece of dna is introduced in a host bacterium
Transformation
Useful selectable marker for E COLI are?
Genes encoding resistance to antibiotics such as
Ampicillin
Chloramphenicol
Tetracycline
Kanamycin
ELISA is not an application of pcr.. wat all arre its application???
Diagnosis of pathogens
Paleontology
Diagnosis of sickle cell anemia
