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ZOOTC 11 PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION > Biotech And Related Technologies > Flashcards

Biotech And Related Technologies Flashcards

1
Q

It is a technique that uses a part of a living thing to make new products, develop plants, animals and other organisms for specific use

A

Biotechnology

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2
Q

Give some scope of biotechnology

A

Animal biotechnology
Agricultural biotechnology
Fisheries biotechnology
Microbial
Environmental
Industrial

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3
Q

It Better breeds of livestock and poultry to meet out-growing needs like lean meat and more milk

A

Animal biotechnology

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4
Q

Time line of technologies in animal biotechnologies

A

Artificial insemination - 1950s
Embryo transfer - 1980s
Embryo splitting and cloning late - 1980s
In Vitro fertilization early - 1990s
Genetic preservation late - 1990s
Somatic Cell nuclear transfer - early2000s
Transgenic technology in research - 2000s

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5
Q

Give the animal breeding types

A
  • AI
  • ET
  • IVF (in vitro fertilization)
  • cloning
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6
Q

What animal health produces

A

Vaccines, diagnosis, treatment

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7
Q

Advancement of animal nutrition

A

FCR, improved proteins

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8
Q

farmers and ranchers have used selection and breeding as a tool to improved traits such as:

A
  • Feed efficiency
  • Disease resistance
  • High-milk production
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9
Q

They produce only one offspring a year

A

Farm animals

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10
Q

Farm animals have _____ offspring in lifetime and they _____ breed until they are 3-5 years of age

A

5-8

Cannot

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11
Q

How many hours does the cow experience estrus?

A

—-

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12
Q

It is a reproductive techniques that makes genetic changes in livestock faster and more precise

A

Modern breeding

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13
Q

Process when semen is collected from the male animal and inseminated into the uterus

A

AI

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14
Q

First animal thar born froze in semen in 1953

A

Calf

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15
Q

Al is combined with hormonal techniques that are used to:

A

Increase the number of eggs produced during a single cycle

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16
Q

Give some advantage of AI

A
  • Superior male animals can be used very effectively.
  • Al controls venereal and other
    diseases
  • can be long distance transportation and the use of the semen, even after the death of a male
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17
Q

Give some disadvantage of AI

A

Venereal and other diseases can be transmitted by technician’s carelessness in farms.

18
Q

The process by which semen is separated by sex and Can help determine sex of an individual during Al or ET

A

Semen sexing

19
Q

The process of fluorescent dye is added to sperm DNA, cells with X- chromosomes fluoresce differently from those with Y-chromosomes

A

Flow cytometry

20
Q

It measure the difference and the information directs the machine to rapidly sort the cells

A

Lasers and light detectors

21
Q

it developes individual from a fertilized union of a sperm and ovum

A

Embryo

22
Q

It is a Growing embryos are transferred into a surrogate

A

ET

23
Q

Benefits of ET

A
  • can save superior femals for producing eggs
  • can be frozen and preserve
24
Q

It is a technique to divide the embryo into equal halves then culture about 7 hours before transfer

A

Embryo splitting/ bisection

25
Q

It is used to split embryos

A

micromanipulator

26
Q

What are the ways of sexing

A
  1. by PCR method
  2. by LAMP method
  3. by Chromosomal analysis/karyotyping
27
Q

What is PCR

A

Polymerase Chain
Reaction

28
Q

What is LAMP?

A

Loop- Mediated
Isothermal Amplification

29
Q

Characteristics of Embryo Sexing Using LAMP Method

A
  • Simple
    - isothermal amplification. No
    denaturing steps required
  • rapid
    - amplification completes in 15-16
    minutes
  • specific
    - detection can be done by judging
    presence
  • cost effective
    - use one type of DNA
    - no special reagent and equipment
    is required
30
Q

ways of Cryopreservation of Embryo

A

Freezing
Cryopreservation

31
Q

defined as the solidification

The solution is become a glass

A

Vitrification

32
Q

embryo production method for embryo transfer to the recipient

A

In vitro fertilization

33
Q

When did Chang discovered the concept that capacitation of the spermatozoon was necessary for in vitro fertilization.

A

1951

34
Q

It allows a large quantities of embryos to be produced at low cost

A

Significance of IVF technology

35
Q

True or false

Somatic cells needs to be fertilized before mating

A

False kasu diploid na yung chromosome number

36
Q

exact copy of an organism down the genetic level

A

Cloning

37
Q

What animals were produced in cloning

A

Sheep - dolly
Cat - CC
Cattle - KC

38
Q

Benefits of cloning

A

can have superior herds of superior, identical animals with desired traits

39
Q

Disadvantage of cloning

A

Loss of genetic variably
Expensive
Requires technical skills

40
Q

Also know as cloning

A

Somatic cell transfer

ZOOTC 11 PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION (7 decks)

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