Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Triacylgylcerol Flashcards
Where does fatty acid synthesis mainly occur?
liver, lactating mammary glands, adipose tissue
what is an additional source of NADPH in the liver and adipose tissue?
malic enzyme catalyzed reaction
where does the desaturation reaction of fatty acids occur?
ER
what does the most common desaturation reaction involve?
placement of a double bond between the 9th and 10th carbon
what are 2 essential fatty acids?
linoleic and linolenic acids
how can linoleic acid be converted in the body?
linoleic acid can be converted by elongation and desaturation reactions to arachidonic acid (20:4, Δ5,8,11,14)
omega 3’s name is?
a-linolenic acid
omega 6’s name is?
linoleic acid
what are fatty acids activated by?
acyl coA synthetase (thokinase)
why must fatty acids be activated?
in order to be esterfied to glycerol phosphate to form TAG
What is the rate limiting enzyme for fatty acid synthesis?
Acetyl CoA carboylase
In a well fed state, what activates acetyl CoA carboxylase?
insulin
In a fasting state, what inactivates acetyl CoA carboxylase?
glucagon
What allosterically activates Acetyl CoA?
citrate
What inhibits acetyl coA carboxylase?
palmitoyl coA
