Biosynthesis of AA derivatives Flashcards
In the TCA cycle ____ + ____ forms heme.
Succinyl-CoA + glycine
Starting from the beginning, name the 4 major steps for heme synthesis and regulatory enzyme.
Succinyl-CoA + Glycine
ALA (ALA synthase)
Porphorins
Heme
ALA synthase is regulated by ____ in erthyrocytes while it is regulated by ____ in all other tissue.
iron availbility. Heme
Lead poisoning is essentially due to repression of ____. Thus accumulation of ____ and lack of repression of it.
Porphorin synthase
ALA
Problems w/ ALA accumulation?
Similar structure to GABA, will cause an toxic levels in brain.
Lead poisoning problems? (3)
Neurological damage
Anemia
Renal disease
Phenylalanine-Tyrosine neurotransmitter derivatives?
Tyrosine L-dopa dopamine norepinephrine epinephrine (adrenaline)
Glutamate forms _____ neurotransmitter
GABA
Histadine forms ____ neurotransmitter
Histamine
Trpytophan forms _____ neurotransmitter
Serotonin
Glutathione, a tripeptide is derived from which 3 AA?
Glycine, cystine, glutamate
Glutathione after being oxidized by H2O2 when O2 radical is converted by ____, is reduced again by ____.
superoxide dismutase (SOD) NADPH
AA involved in chromatin packaging and proliferation?
Putrescine, spermidine, spermine
All 3 AA in cell proliferation and chromatin packaging are derived from what? THUS, cancer therapy inhibits this synthesis by blocking the enzyme ____
Ornithine ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)
NO (nitric oxide) regulates through which what effector enzyme?
cyclic GMP (cGMP)
