Biosecurity Considerations Flashcards
ICPB
Infection Control, Prevention, and Biosecurity.
HAI
Hospital Acquired Infection.
*Nosocomial Infection.
AHS
Alcohol-based Hand Sanitizer.
ICP
Infection Control Practitioner.
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment.
MDR
Multi-Drug Resistant.
MRSP
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudointermedius.
*Related to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
SOP
Standard Operating Procedure.
What are the objectives of biosecurity?
- Public Health (Zoonotic diseases).
- Animal Health.
- Animal Welfare.
- Nosocomial infections (HAI).
What are the 2 components of ICPB?
- Elevate the effectiveness of infection control practices.
- Limit pathogen introduction, exposure, and transmission.
What are the routes of infection?
- Direct contact.
- Fomites.
- Aerosol.
- Oral.
- Vector borne.
- Zoonotic.
What is the hierarchy of controls from most to least effective?
- Elimination.
- Administrative controls.
- Engineering controls.
- PPE.
What is the elimination control?
Removing or preventing the entry of the pathogen.
How is the elimination control enacted?
- Keeping infectious animals out of facilities.
- Mandate quarantine periods.
- Establish pest management practices.
*Difficult to implement and only able to realistically protect a general population.
What is the engineering controls control?
Designing and setting up hospitals to remove the opportunity for pathogen exposure at the source or for improving compliance.
How is the engineering controls control implemented?
Having an isolation space with dedicated equipment.
What are the parameters that an isolation space should follow?
- Non-porous material utilized.
- Alternative entrance that is not connected to the main facility.
- Disinfection of all materials in close proximity to the isolation space.
- Negative pressure ventilation with a ventilation system that is specific to the isolation area.
What is the administrative controls control?
Work policies and procedures that prevent pathogen exposure.
How is the administrative controls control implemented?
- Ensuring laundry and waste are handled properly.
- Have clear disinfection protocols for facilities and equipment.
- Considering rabies vaccines for all staff.
- Having written infectious control protocols.
- Requiring hand hygiene between animals.
- Using proper signage.
- Limiting staff contact with contagious animals.
- Properly training staff.
What is the PPE control?
Using the proper level of PPE to prevent pathogen exposure and transmission.
*Least effective but critical for effective control of infectious disease spread.
How is the PPE control implemented?
- Having the correct levels of PPE in the correct locations.
- Training staff on what the proper level of PPE is for the pathogen they are working with.
- Training staff on the proper protocols for what to do if their PPE is compromised.
What is PPE?
Specialized equipment and clothing to protect personnel and patients.
ex: Gowns, gloves, face masks, eye protection.
What is the purpose of PPE?
To create a barrier between staff and infectious agents.
