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Adolescence > Biopsychosocial Model of Adolescent Mental Health > Flashcards

Biopsychosocial Model of Adolescent Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

adolescent brains are highly sensitive to social ____

A

stressors

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2
Q

responses to stress during adolescent years can develop high levels of resilience, self-confidence, future wellbeing if person is appropriately

A

supported

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3
Q

maladaptive patterns of behaviour can develop which can lead to poorer adult emotional mental health and coping mechanisms if poorly supported to what

A

develop appropriate behaviours and coping strategies during these years

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4
Q

good mental health outcomes for an adolescent involves
- healthy _____ with family and friends
- engagement in ____, ______ and play with others
- appropriate ___-_____ for emotional responses
- positive ____ strategies, self-esteem, and general ___

A
  • healthy relationships
  • engagement in learning, socialising
  • self-regulation
  • coping, outlook
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5
Q

list some common stressors introduced during adolescent years

A
  • changing school
  • social pressures
  • family pressures
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6
Q

common adolescent health problems include

A
  • use of tobacco, alcohol and substance use
  • unprotected sex
  • poor nutritional intake
  • sedentary lifestyle
  • violence and physical injuries
  • mental health disorders
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7
Q

half of all mental health disorders in adulthood start by age ___

A

14

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8
Q

one in ___ young people experience a mental health disorder at any time

A

four

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9
Q

most common mental health disorders

A
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • substance use disorders
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10
Q

what health service is particularly well positioned to prevent, detect, intervene on poor mental health, risk behaviours, and associated harms

A

general practice

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11
Q

higher rates of self harm in female or male patients

A

female

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12
Q

general practice can support mental health to two audiences:

A
  • meaningful engagement of young person
  • supporting and educating their families and other caregivers
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13
Q

presentations of deteriorating mental health are distinctively obvious - T or F

A

F

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14
Q

what are some presentations of deteriorating mental health which can be vague

A
  • decreased memory, concentration, or attention
  • difficulty navigating everyday activities
  • frequent tearfulness, irritability, or aggression
  • decreased enjoyment of usual hobbies
  • hopelessness
  • poor sleep
  • frequent complains of pain including headache or abdominal pain
  • significantly changed eating patterns, weight, or physical appearance
  • withdrawing from social interactions
  • paranoia or hallucinations
  • refusing to attend school
  • self-harm
  • impulsive or risk-taking behaviours such as use of drugs or alcohol or criminal behaviour
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15
Q

what is HEEADSSS used for

A

internationally used to make a rapid psychological conversation either in ED, ward, or community setting

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16
Q

mental health disorders are more likely to develop in settings of:

A
  • violence
  • poverty
  • stigma
  • exclusion
  • living in humanitarian and fragile settings
17
Q

list 3 broad factors based on what country you live in that can critically influence adolescent development, physical health, mental health, and mortality

A
  • laws, cultural, political factors
18
Q

list factors that dramatically alter an adolescent’s environmental context

A
  • accepted minimum working and driving ages
  • legal access to alcohol and other substances
  • ages for young people to be held accountable for criminal actions
  • age of consent for sexual intercourse and marriage
  • access to sexual health education, contraception, abortions
  • exposure to weapons, violence, war, displacement, associated stressors
19
Q

list 2 main risk-taking behaviours in adolescents

A
  • smoking
  • alcohol and substance abuse
20
Q

if you start smoking in adolescence are you more likely to do so in adult life

A

yes

21
Q

aiming to prevent smoking in adolescent years also aims to decrease rates of preventable _____ and _____

A

morbidity and mortality

22
Q

preventable morbidity and mortality from smoking particularly relates to (3)

A
  • malignancies
  • cardiac disease
  • respiratory disease
23
Q

what other type of cigarettes is a risk concern in young people and why

A

e-cigarettes
- highly addictive effects of nicotine impact young people’s developing brains

24
Q

list some interventions which have likely contributed to decreased smoking rates

A
  • national and media tobacco campaigns
  • smoke-free environments
  • packaging modifications
25
Q

substance use disorders are particularly common in adolescent males or females

A

males

26
Q

lasting neurocognitive impacts on the teenage brain can occur from

A

toxic substance effects

27
Q

dependence and related problems in adults who began what

A

substance use in early life

28
Q

who is particularly vulnerable to effects of impaired judgement and impulse control that can come with intoxication

A

young people

29
Q

proportion of australian young people ever engaging in illicit drug use has increased or decreased

A

decreased

29
Q

most common recreational uses (3)

A
  • marijuana
  • ecstasy
  • cocaine
30
Q

what is a significant health concern for adolescents with increased risk-taking behaviours

A

unintentional injuries

31
Q

in adolescents, limited ____ ____ contributes to suboptimal ____ ____ in dangerous situations

A
  • limited emotional regulation
  • suboptimal decision making
32
Q

are males or females more likely to sustain unintentional injury

A

male

33
Q

what is the most common cause of injuries

A

road traffic accidents

34
Q

violence is a ___factorial health risk

A

multifactorial (influenced by multiple factors)

35
Q

what are some individual features in adolescents that can contribute to violence

A

impulsivity, substance misuse, education

36
Q

what are some environmental features that are also linked to increase risk of violence

A

cultural, peer, economic, family dynamic factors

37
Q

from a worldwide perspective, violence during adolescence also increases risks of health issues such as (3)

A
  • sexually transmitted infections
  • early pregnancy
  • poor academic outcomes

Adolescence (5 decks)

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