biopsychosocial approach to phobia (9A)

Question 1

GABA dysfunction - biological factor

Answer 1

insufficient neural transmission or reception of GABA in the body, which can be due to low levels of GABA or insufficient transmission across synapse

is predisposing
cause FFF response on anxiety response to be activated more easily

Question 2

long term potentiation - biological factor

Answer 2

strengthens the association between neural signals involved in perceiving a stimulus and neural signals involved in activating the fear response through repeated coactivation

Question 3

classical conditioning - psychological factor

Answer 3

is precipitating (trigger)
phobic stimulus is the
neutral stimulus (NS). unconditioned stimulus (UCS) and phobic stimulus naturally induce fear,
the conditioned stimulus (CS) phobic stimulus, producing the conditioned response (CR) phobic response.

Question 4

operant conditioning - psychological factor

Answer 4

is perpetuating (maintains)
antecedent - situation where they might encounter stimulus
behaviour - avoidance behaviours
consequence - negative reinforcement

Question 5

cognitive bias - psychological factor

Answer 5

predisposition to think about and process information in a certain way, can cause errors in peoples judgement and thoughts

Memory bias - past thinking
catastrophic thinking - futuristic thinking

Question 6

specific environmental triggers - social factor

Answer 6

stimuli or experiences in a person environment that evoke an extreme stress response, leading to the development of a phobia

Question 7

types of environmental triggers

Answer 7

direct confrontation
observing another person having a direct confrontation
learning about potentially dangerous stimulus

Question 8

stigma - social factor

Answer 8

the feeling of shame or disgrace experienced by an individual for a characteristics that differentiate them from others

prevents help-seeking behaviours

Question 9

predisposing

Answer 9

is underlying, genetic
GABA dysfunction

Question 10

precipitating

Answer 10

trigger
classical conditioning

Question 11

perpetuating

Answer 11

maintains phobia
operant conditioning