Biopsychology- Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, split brain research Flashcards
In the late 1800s Borca identified damage to a small area in the left frontal lobe (Broca’s area) may result in what?
Slow, laboured speech which lacks fluency
Damage to the Wernicke’s area may result in what?
Language comprehension.
In 1800s Wernicke found with damage to the left temporal lobe would result in what?
Wernicke’s Aphasia - patients who produced nonsense words as part of their speech
What 5 pieces of evidence can be used to evaluate localisation theory?
- Brain scan evidence of localisation
- Neurosurgical evidence
- Case study evidence - Phineas Gage
- Lashley’s research
- Plasticity
EVALUATION 1: Brain scan evidence of localisation.
In 1988 brain scans were used to demonstrate what two things?
- Wernicke’s area was active during listening
2. Broca’s area was active during reading
EVALUATION 1: Brain scan evidence of localisation.
Who conducted the 1988 experiment which supported localisation theory?
Petersen et al
EVALUATION 1: Brain scan evidence of localisation.
A 1994 study of long term memory showed what?
The semantic & episodic memories reside in different parts of the prefrontal cortex
EVALUATION 1: Brain scan evidence of localisation.
Who carried out the 1994 study which showed the semantic & episodic memories reside in different parts of the prefrontal cortex?
Tulving at al
EVALUATION 2: Neurosurgical evidence
Who developed the lobotomy and when?
Walter Freeman - 1950s
EVALUATION 2: Neurosurgical evidence
What was done during a lobotomy?
Connections in the frontal lobe were severed to try and control aggressive behaviour.
EVALUATION 2: Neurosurgical evidence
In 2002 evidence was presented on 44 people with OCD who had undergone a cingulotomy (removing lesions). What were the outcomes after the surgery?
32 weeks after surgery, 1/3 people had successfully responded to surgery, 14% had partial response.
EVALUATION 2: Neurosurgical evidence
In 2002 evidence was presented on 44 people with OCD who had undergone a cingulotomy (removing lesions). Who presented this evidence?
Dougherty et al
EVALUATION 2: Neurosurgical evidence
In 2002 evidence was presented on 44 people with OCD who had undergone a cingulotomy (removing lesions). What does this indicate about localisation theory?
The success of the procedures suggests that symptoms & behaviours associated with serious mental disorders are localised.
EVALUATION 3: Case study evidence
What happened to Phineas Cage in 1848?
He was preparing to blast some rocks with explosives. A meter length pole went through his left cheek and behind his eye. Most of his frontal lobe was destroyed. He survived but went from being calm and reserved to rude and quick tempered.
