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Psychology > Biopsychology > Flashcards

Biopsychology Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the two subunits of the nervous system

A
  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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2
Q

what are the components of the CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

what does the central nervous system control and how

A
  • behaviour
  • regulation of body’s physiological processes
  • receives sensory input, produces motor responses
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4
Q

what is the function of the brain in the CNS

A

take info, process it and act on the information

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5
Q

what is the function of the spinal cord in the CNS

A
  • receives and transmits info to and form the brain to the peripheral nervous system
  • responsible for reflex actions
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6
Q

What are the components of the peripheral nervous system

A
  • somatic
  • automatic (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
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7
Q

what does the peripheral nervous system do

A
  • relays info from the outside world, muscles and organs via neurones
  • send messages from CNS to the muscles and glands
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8
Q

What is the function of the somatic nervous system

A
  • receives information from sensory receptors and sends this info to the CNS
  • then relays info to the motor neurones
  • controls muscle movement
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9
Q

what is the function of the Automatic nervous system

A
  • connects CNS to internal organs
  • divided into sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
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10
Q

Function of the parasympathetic nervous system and characteristics of when it takes place

A
  • rest and digest
  • constricts pupils
  • increases salivation
  • decreases respiration rate
  • decreases heart rate
  • dilates blood vessels
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11
Q

Function of the sympathetic nervous system and characteristics of when it takes place

A
  • fight or flight
  • dilates pupils
  • increases respiration rate
  • increases heart rate
  • constricts blood vessels
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12
Q

Structure of a neurone

A
  • axon
  • axon terminal button
  • myelin sheath (protects and speeds up)
  • dendrite
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13
Q

3 types of neurones

A
  • sensory
  • motor
  • relay
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14
Q

Function of the sensory neurone

A
  • carry messages from the receptors to the CNS
  • convert info to neural impulses
  • long dendrites and short axon
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15
Q

Function of the relay neurone

A
  • connect sensory neurones to motor neurones
  • allow the two neurones to communicate
  • short dendrites and short axon
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16
Q

Function of the motor neurone

A
  • connect CNS to muscles and glands
  • Stimulate motor neurone to release neurotransmitters that bond to receptors on muscles and trigger a response that leads to muscle moves
  • short dendrites long axon
17
Q

Why does synaptic transmission happen

A
  • in order for the action potential to reach the next neurone it has to cross the gap (synapse)
18
Q

How does synaptic transmission occur

A
  • presynaptic neurone release neurotransmitter from synaptic vessels into the gap
19
Q

What is a neurotransmitter

A
  • Chemicals that diffuse across the synapse to the next neurone
  • once they cross the synapse they bind to receptors on the post synaptic neurone
20
Q

What is Excitation

A

Neurotransmitter leads to neurone being positively charged and more likely to fire
- Noradrenaline

21
Q

What is Inhibition

A

Neurotransmitter leads to a neurone being negatively charged and less likely to fire

seretonin

22
Q

What is the function of the endocrine system

A

secrete hormones which are needed to regulate many bodily functions and to provide a chemical system of communication via the blood stream

23
Q

What regulates the endocrine system

A

Hypothalamus

24
Q

What hormones do the ovaries and the testes produce

A

ovaries produce oestrogen
testes produce testosterone

25
Q

What hormone does the adrenal glands produce and what can it be used for

A
  • adrenaline
  • fight or flight response
26
Q

What hormone does the pineal gland produce and what does it do

A

-melatonin (regulation of arousal)

Psychology (11 decks)

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