BIOPSYCHOLOGY

Question 1

Expain the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 1

fight or flight, impulses travel tp sympathetic nervous sytem to organs, preparing us for action.
heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure = increase
digestion, salivation, urination = decreased

Question 2

Explain the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 2

Relax the body, return to normal resting state.

Slows down heart, breathing rate and reduces blood pressure.

Question 3

Explain the central nervous system?

Answer 3

The spinal cord transfers messages to the braina and the rest of the body.
It is responsible for simple reflex actions eg juming up if u sit on a pin.

Question 4

Explain the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 4

Somantic - communtications between nervous system and the outsideworld, sensory receptors and motor pathways allow brain control movement.
Autonomic - homeostasis, motor pathways. Has 2 components:
1. sympathetic, fight or flight.
2. parasympathetic, returns to resting state.

Question 5

Explain neurons and neurotraansmission?

Answer 5

1. sensory, carry nerve impulses to spinal cord and brain, sensations.
2. relay, between sensory imput and motor output, allows sensory and motor neurons to communicate.
3. motor, central nervous system, control muscle movement, when stimulated release neurotransmitters that bind to receptors.

Question 6

Explain what a dendrite is?

Answer 6

recieve signals, connect to the cell body.

Question 7

Explain what an Axon is?

Answer 7

carries nerve impulses (action potential)

Question 8

Explain what the myelin sheath is?

Answer 8

insulates the axon (nerve impulses travel quicker)

Question 9

Explain the axon terminal?

Answer 9

Connects neuron to neurons or organs (synaptic transmission)

Question 10

Explain synaptic transmission?

Answer 10

Information is passed down axon of a neuron known as action potential, action potential crosses the synaptic gap, electrical nerve impulse releases neurotransmitters from synaptic vessels, carry signal across synaptic gap, receptors in post synaptic neuron have been activated

Question 11

Explain what excitatory means in relation to synaptic transmission?

Answer 11

cell is more likely to fire.

Question 12

Explain what inhibitory means in relation to synaptic transmission?

Answer 12

less likely to fire.

Question 13

What is an evaluation of fight or flight? (weakness)

Answer 13

human behaviour isnt just limited to two responses, gray said first response is to freeze (avoid confrontation), matters because fight or fligyht response is limited and doesnt fully explain the human response to danger.

Question 14

Another evaluation of the fight or flight response? (weakness)

Answer 14

can be detrimental to health, modern day rarely requires sucj intense biological responses, this matters becasue the increase of blood presssure can damage blood vessels leadin g to heart disease, maladaptive response in modern day life.

Question 15

What are the phyysiological chnages due to figyht or flight response?

Answer 15

increased heart rate (increasing blood flow and movement of adrenaline arond the body), increasing breathing rate, pupil dilation, sweat production, reduction of non essential functions.

Question 16

What is the proccess of fight or flight?

Answer 16

person enters dangerous situation, Amygdala sends distress signal to hypothalamus, which activates SAM pathways leading to adrenal medulola and SNS, SNS stimulates adrenal medulla, which secretes adrenaline into blood stream = body prepares fight or flight.