Biomonitoring and opioid use disorder Flashcards
What are the 3 categories of biomarkers
- exposures
- effect
- susceptibility
what is PFAS and the difference between legacy and emerging PFAs
legacy = used for decades and lasts forever
emerging = short carbon chain = leaks into water sources
what Phthalates can be seen in personal care products and what do they cause
DEHP and DINCH - disrupts thyroid hormones
definition of exposomes
exposure to humans through lifetime - diet, lifestyle, occupation
what is best to measure internal dose (how much exposure humans get)
biomonitoring
How do we determine if a chemical is lipophillic or not
Log Kow
Kow = Octanol/water
higher Kow = lipophillic (stays in body longer)
what are the routes of administration and what is the fastest
Inhalation or skin = fastest
Liver = first pass effect
what happens after the toxin is administered
ADME
absorption
distriution
metabolism
excretion
why are biomonitoring in children different than adult
exposure size to baby volume vs adult volume is different
placenta and breast milk exposures
what chemical can penetrate the palcenta
DDT aka POPs (persistent organic pollutants)
what is biomonitoring data used for
risk assessment
what are limitations of biomonitoring (3)
- does not indicate what health effects occur
- absencce of chemical does NOT mean no exposure in lifetime
- Does not tell what route of exposure
what drugs are most commonly found at death
methamphetamine and fent
how does buprenoprhine work
partial agonist for mu-opiod receptor
used to treat OUD and for easier withdrawls
how does Methadone work
full agonist of mu-opioid receptors
