Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Grade 12 > BIOMOLECULES > Flashcards

BIOMOLECULES Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a saturated fatty acid and an example of one?

A

Doesn’t have a double bond between molecules and the fat is “saturated” with hydrogen molecules. Solid at room temp. Ex= steric acid (butter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a unsaturated fatty acid and an example of one?

A

One or more double bond in the fatty acid chain. Liquid @ room temp. Ex= Linoleic acid (vegetable oil)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a polysaturated fatty acid and an example of one?

A

Dietary fat. It’s also one of the healthy fats and is found in plant and animal foods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What atoms make up carbohydrates?

A

Carbon hydrogen and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms present in all carbohydrates?

A

2:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of carbohydrates? Monomers? Functional groups? Linkages? Polarity?

A 
Ex- Sugar, starch and fiber
Monomer- Monosaccharides 
Functional groups- hydroxyl and ketone or aldehyde
Linkage- ether 
Polarity- Polar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides? Their functions?

A

Mono- 1 sugar bond (glucose) which is an energy provider

Di- double sugar bond

Poly- many monosaccharide bonds ( many sugar bonds) and its also a carbohydrate meaning it provides energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 types of monosaccharides?

A

Glucose, fructose and galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two examples of polysaccharides?

A

Cellulose and chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SUCROSE-SUCROSE —> GLUCOSE + FRUCTOSE What are the products of this hydrolysis rxn?

A

Glucose and fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GLUCOSE + GLUCOSE —> MALTOSE + H20

What are the reactants of the dehydration synthesis reaction?

A

Glucose and glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are the hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions related?

A

Polymers are either broken apart by water or brought together because of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What substance is the repeating unit that makes up glycogen?

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Examples of monosaccharides

A
  • C6H12O6
  • Glucose
  • Fructose
  • Galactose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Examples of disaccharides

A
  • C12H22O11
  • Lactose
  • Sucrose
  • Maltose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Examples of polysaccharides

A

Cellulose, glycogen and starch

17
Q

What are some foods that contain carbohydrates?

A

Potatoes, rice, bread etc

18
Q

Examples of protein? Monomers? Functional groups? Linkages? Polarity?

A 
Ex- Keratin and hemoglobin 
Monomers- Amino acids
Functional groups- amino and carboxyl
Linkages- Amide and peptide
Polarity- Hydrophilic= polar. Hydrophobic= non-polar
19
Q

Examples of lipids? Monomers? Functional groups? Linkages? Polarity?

A 
Ex- Waxes and triglycerides
Monomers- glycerol and fatty acids 
Functional groups- Carboxyl and hydroxyl 
Linkages- Ester
Polarity- non-polar
20
Q

Polar covalent

A

Unequal sharing of electrons

21
Q

Hydrogen Bonding

A

Strong attraction between polar molecules

22
Q

VSEPR Theory

A

Valence shell electron pair repulsion (valence e- move as far apart as possible)

23
Q

Non- polar

A

Symmetrical molecules are non polar regardless of bonding

24
Q

Intermolecular forces:

A

Attractive force between molecules

Van Der Waals forces: dipole- dipole:

  • London forces (weak dipole- dipole)
  • Hydrogen bonding (strong dipole-dipole)
25
Q

Why is water polar?

A

Its asymmetrical shape (1 side (+) and 1 side (-) charged

It is also polar covalent

26
Q

Acid + Base in water

A

Acid- Produce hydronium ions (easily loses proton)

Base- Produce hydroxide ions (easily binds w/ proton)

27
Q

What is acidosis and alkalosis

A

Acidosis- Acid in blood

Alkalosis- excessive blood alkalinity

28
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Molecule of water is added to substance

29
Q

Buffer

A

Keeps pH constant by absorbing or releasing hydrogen or hydroxide ions

30
Q

Neutralization Rxn

A

Between an acid and base (water is removed and salt is formed)

31
Q

Carbon molecules

A 
Methane (1c)
Ethane 
Propane 
Butane 
Pentane 
Hexane (6c)
32
Q

Hydro carbons

A

Alkane: single carbon-carbon bond (saturated) ie. ethane c-c

Alkene: 1 double bond (unsaturated) ie. ethene c=c

Alkyne: triple bond ie. ethyne

33
Q

Dehydration synthesis Rxn

A

Monomers combine w/ each other w/ covalent bonds to form larger molecules known as polymers

34
Q

Electronegativity

A

0——————–1.7—————-4.2

Covalent ionic

Biology Grade 12 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions