Biomolecules

Question 1

The chemical properties of these biomolecules dictate their function.

Answer 1

Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbs

Question 2

Carbs

Answer 2

Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
ENERGY for the cells

Question 3

What are the main atoms that make us up

Answer 3

C- Carbon
H- Hydrogen
O- Oxygen
N- Nitrogen
P- Phosphorus
S- Sulfur

Question 4

Monosaccharides

Answer 4

Carbs that are made up of one sugar unit, not chemically bonded, very fast energy, dont need to be chemically digested, can diffuse in the blood stream

Question 5

Sources of monosaccharides

Answer 5

Fruits, honey,

Question 6

Disaccharides

Answer 6

Carbs that are made up of two sugar units, must be chemically broken down.

Question 7

Examples of disaccharides

Answer 7

Sucrose: Table sugar
Lactose: Milk Sugar
Maltose: Starch
Anything that contains table sugar, milk

Question 8

Polysaccharides

Answer 8

Many sugar units, long and steady energy, slowly digested and put into the blood stream

Question 9

Sources of polysaccharides

Answer 9

Any grain, Anything that contains flower, “starchy vegetables”: potatoes.

Question 10

The name of carbohydrates end in ____

Answer 10

-ose

Question 11

Examples of carbohydrates

Answer 11

Glucose
Sucrose
Lactose
Amylose

Question 12

Lipids

Answer 12

Elements: C, H, O
Monomer: Made of fatty acid chains, Must be broken apart in order to get to the blood stream
Function: Stored energy, insulation, protect organs

Question 13

Sources of lipids

Answer 13

Lard, butter, oil, and any food that contains
these, Cholesterol- found in animal fat

Question 14

Proteins

Answer 14

Elements: C, H, O, N and sometimes S
Monomer: Made of amino acids
Functions: Cells, bodies, Makes up skin, hair, nails, repairs cells

Question 15

Examples of proteins

Answer 15

Hemoglobin: Found in red blood cells- attaches to oxygen
Hormones: Chemical messengers that are put into the
bloodstream and cause something to happen
in another area of the body

Question 16

Important Proteins

Answer 16

Enzymes

Question 17

Enzymes

Answer 17

Help chemical reactions occur in living things
and act as catalysts
An enzyme fits with another molecule
(substrate) in a puzzle like way

Question 18

Names of enzymes always end in _____

Answer 18

-ase

Question 19

Nucleic Acids

Answer 19

Elements: C, H, O, N, P
Monomer: Made up of nucleotides.
DNA
RNA - helps make the proteins coded by DNA by transferring the “recipe”

Question 20

Sources of DNA

Answer 20

Anything made up of cells

Question 21

Condensation Reaction

Answer 21

any of a class of reactions in which two molecules combine, usually in the presence of a catalyst, with elimination of water or some other simple molecule (Essentially removing water)

Question 22

Hydrolysis Reaction

Answer 22

Adding water to one large molecule to break it into multiple smaller molecules.

Question 23

Catalysts

Answer 23

Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being destroyed or changed

Question 24

Substrate

Answer 24

The substance that is acted on in the enzymes

Question 25

Active Site

Answer 25

The site of an enzyme where the substrate bonds to