biomolecular structure

Question 1

hydroxyl group

Answer 1

O-H

Question 2

carbonyl

Answer 2

C=O

Question 3

carboxyl

Answer 3

COOH

Question 4

amino

Answer 4

NH2

Question 5

sulfhydryl

Answer 5

SH

Question 6

phosphate

Answer 6

PO4

Question 7

methyl

Answer 7

CH3

Question 8

Amino acid structure

Answer 8

Amino, carboxyl, and an H group bonded to central carbon with a variable R group

Question 9

What groups are there of amino acids (hint 5)

Answer 9

Nonpolar,polar (uncharged), charged, aromatic, special property

Question 10

What is a peptide bond

Answer 10

A bond that link two amino acids between the carbon and nitrogen of the two AAs

Question 11

What is the difference between a peptide and protein

Answer 11

Proteins have more amino acids

Question 12

What is the secondary structure of proteins

Answer 12

Alpha helix, beta sheets

Question 13

What is the structure of a nucleic acids

Answer 13

A five-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base

Question 14

What type of bond links the nucleic acid together

Answer 14

phosphodiester

Question 15

Which bases are purines

Answer 15

A and G

Question 16

Which bases are pyrimidines

Answer 16

T/U and C

Question 17

Structure of a phospholipid

Answer 17

Glycerol, fatty acids, and phosphate group

Question 18

What is the typical structure of phospholipids in water

Answer 18

a bilayer membrane

Question 19

Structure of carbohydrates

Answer 19

1:2:1 ratio of C:H:O

Question 20

Number of carbons for sugars that deal with energy storage

Answer 20

6

Question 21

Name the most important mono-saccharide for energy storage

Answer 21

glucose

Question 22

chemical structure of peptides

Answer 22

two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Question 23

chemical structure of lipids

Answer 23

glycerols bonded to long hydrocarbon chains (and potentially a phosphate group)

Question 24

chemical structure of saccharides

Answer 24

the unit base of carbohydrates

its general form is C_n(H2O)_n

Question 25

alpha helix

Answer 25

righthanded-helix where the N-H of the backbone bonds with the C=O of the amino acids

The tend to have a dipole with the Nh3 end charged

each helix contains about 10 amino acids and 3 turns

Question 26

beta strand

Answer 26

a polypeptide chain of 3 to 10 amino acids

arrows point towards the c-terminal

Question 27

what is an alpha helix motif?

Answer 27

the coiled-coil in which two or more helices wrap around each other - typically with a 7 AA repeat

Question 28

beta sheets

Answer 28

antiparallel - N and C terminus are at same end

parallel - both N terminals are on one end and both C terminals are on the other

Question 29

beta motifs

Answer 29

hairpin - 2 antiparallel strands with loop connect C and N terminus
BaB - 2 parallel strands with the connecting loop having an alpha helix

Question 30

what is a beta barrel

Answer 30

a topological structure that is an antiparallel beta sheet coiled into a toroidal form