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BMSc > Biomechanics- unit 1 > Flashcards

Biomechanics- unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

4 Base SI units

A

Metre (m), second (s), kilogram (kg), kelvin (K)

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2
Q

Supplementary SI unit

A

Radian (radO

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3
Q

Derived SI unit

A

Newton (N) (kg /s squared)

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4
Q 
M- mega
k- kilo
c- centi
m- milli
μ- micro
n- nano
A 
1000000
1000
0.01
0.001
0.000001
0.000000001
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5
Q

SI unit of time

A

second

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6
Q

Convert radians to degrees

A

multiply by 180/pi

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7
Q

Another name for rectangular co ordinate system

A

Cartesian co-ordinate system

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8
Q

What is the origin

A

The point where all three axes cross (0,0,0)

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9
Q

Are planes 2D or 3D

A

2D

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10
Q

Max number of planes that can be mutually at right angles to each other

A

3

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11
Q

Difference between rectangular and polar co ordinates

A

Rectangular co ordinate systems use displacements relative to perpendicular axes whilst polar co- ordinate systems use a displacement and rotations.

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12
Q

2 forms of motion

A

Linear, rotary

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13
Q

Displacement def

A

Distance with direction- vector quantity

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14
Q

Scalar

A

Magnitude only

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15
Q

Vector

A

Magnitude and direction

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16
Q

Speed

A

rate of change of distance travelled

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17
Q

velocity

A

rate of change of displacement

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18
Q

Av velocity

A

change in displacement / time

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19
Q

SI units of velocity

A

m/s

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20
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity

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21
Q

Average acceleration

A

change in velocity/ time taken

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22
Q

two effects of force acting on a body

A

tend to change the position of the object in space, tend to deform the shape of the object

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23
Q

Rigid body mechanics

A

assume that bodies under consideration can’t be deformed

24
Q

Way of measuring force

A

Calibrated spring balance

25
Q

SI unit of force

A

Newton (N)

26
Q

Is force a vector or scalar quantity

A

Vector

27
Q

Statics

A

Body not accelerating but may be moving at a constant velocity

28
Q

Static equilibrium

A

No resultant force acting on the body

29
Q

First condition of static equilibrium

A

The sum of all the external forces (F) acting on an object is zero

30
Q

Newtons third law

A

The law of reaction, to every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

31
Q

Free body diagram

A

Shows all the external forces and moments acting on a body

32
Q

Mass

A

Quantity of matter

33
Q

Weight

A

Force of gravity acting on a body

34
Q

Density (p)

A

mass/volume

35
Q

Units for density

A

kg/m3

36
Q

If the mass of an object changes what will happen to volume and density

A

Volume changes proportionately, density remains constant

37
Q

Gravity

A

Acceleration due to gravitational attraction

38
Q

Weight

A

mass x acceleration due to gravity

39
Q

Gravity

A

9.81m/s2

40
Q

Centre of mass

A

A point where all the mass of the object can be assumed to act

41
Q

Can centre of mass lie outside the body?

A

Yes, when someone bends over, the centre of mass will move from the lower abdomen to lie just in front of the pelvis

42
Q

Centre of gravity

A

Point where the weight of a body can be assumed to act

43
Q

Pressure

A

Force exerted per unit area

44
Q

Pressure

A

force/area

45
Q

Unit for pressure

A

Pascals

46
Q

Moment of a force

A

Tendency of a force to produce a rotation about an axis, also called torque

47
Q

SI units of moments

A

Nm

48
Q

Moment equation

A

Moment= force x moment arm (M= fd)

49
Q

Lever

A

Consists of a rigid bar that pivots about a fulcrum

50
Q

What produces moments about the fulcrum

A

Effort force and resistance force

51
Q

Mechanical advantage

A

Effort arm longer than the resistance arm- easier to to overcome the resistance

52
Q

Mechanical disadvantage

A

Resistance arm longer than effort arm- resistance may be moved through relatively long distance

53
Q

Eq for mechanical advantage

A

effort arm/resistance arm

54
Q

Mechanical advantage >1

A

Effort force less than resistance force

55
Q

First class lever

A

Fulcrum located between effort and resistance e.g. see saw

56
Q

Second class lever

A

Resistance located between effort and fulcrum e.g. wheelbarrow

57
Q

Third class lever

A

Effort between resistance and fulcrum e.g. fishing rod

BMSc (9 decks)

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