Biomechanics: Osteopathic Style

Question 1

Who determined the position of the center of gravity?
B. Galileo
C. Giovanni alfonso borelli
E. Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following applies stress to the joint during movement?
A. anatomical joint lever
B. cumulative load
C. joint reaction force
D. tissue deformation

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Amount of force necessary to bend an object is known as?
A. elasticity
B. Shearing
C. Stiffness
D. Stress
E. Tension

Answer 3

A

stress= hard structure; strain= soft structures (muscles)

Question 4

Deformation can result in loss of: 
A. ROM
B. relaxation
C. resiliency
D. viscosity

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Which of the following is important in maintaining a full range of motion?
A. bending
B. Friction
C. Partial contraction
D. relaxation
E. torsion

Answer 5

D and kinda A

Question 6

A slow stretch resulting in more complete expression of fluid from within the matrix is known as:
A. creep
B. force
C. friction
D. strain
E. strain

Answer 6

A

Question 7

Synovial joints have movement in which planes?

Answer 7

All three

Question 8

3 primary joint types?

Answer 8

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Question 9

Direction of movement of body is largely defined by?

Answer 9

structure of joints between them

Question 10

Biomaterials are classified into what 2 groups?

Answer 10

Hard (bone)

Soft (skin, tendon, muscle, cartilage)

Question 11

Hard tissue undergoes what kind of change?

Answer 11

deformation

Question 12

compensatory change can lead to?

Answer 12

functional correction; adaption can result in unintentional alteration of structural function

Question 13

Repetitive stress can cause alteration to structure in form of:

Answer 13

failure, deformation, and adaptation

Question 14

Failure of tissue results in

Answer 14

altered mechanical relationship between unaffected structures

Question 15

“guarding”

Answer 15

by structures protecting joint can create as much problems as original insult

Question 16

main aspects of contact mechanics are related to what 3 things?

Answer 16

friction, wear, lubrication

Question 17

In living tissue the ability to repair can result in an adaption leading to increased mass of the tissue:

Answer 17

callus, stress fracture

Question 18

repeated stress can result in:

Answer 18

fatigue

Question 19

Biotribology

Answer 19

study of biological systems, human joints

Question 20

skeletal muscle adaptation

Answer 20

remodels according to the stresses placed upon it

Question 21

hypertrophy with physical training results from

Answer 21

increased cross section of fibers

Question 22

Atrophy results from disuse or functional alteration

Answer 22

of nerve stimulation

Question 23

3 subsegmented “units”

Answer 23

core, shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle

Question 24

15yo male headaches, nasal congestion. Diagnosed with sinusitis. Structural exam shows deviated septum; positive Chapman pts: sub occipital area and inferior to clavicle, over the first rib

Answer 24

fix deviated septum

Question 25

67yo female exacerbated COPD; increased AP chest with diameter, increased thoracic kyphosis with flattening of the thoracolumbar junction, compensatory lordosis of the cervical spine and tenderness C4-7, bilateral elevated first rib, poor chest will excursion, poor chest wall compliance, paraspinal TART changes, T2-7

Answer 25

??

Question 26

42yo obese, RUQ pain, jaundice. She is diagnosed with cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis. Exam: increased lordosis compensatory changes in lower thoracic spine, increased upper thoracic kyphosis with accentuated cervical lordosis, tart changes at T7-9 on the right, tenderness to palpation over medial 7th intercostal space

Answer 26

tart change T7-9 (chapman reflex point)
gallbladder fixed
can do OMT to temp. relieve pain

Question 27

78yo male presents w/L knee pain. Osteoarthritis.

Answer 27

??

Question 28

24yo plays pro-soccer works on loading dock in off season. Pain between 2-6/10, constant, radiates into groin notices worse when extends leg?

Answer 28

E. None of the above

Question 29

24 yo, soccer player, intervention?

Answer 29

A. OMT and B. PT