Biomechanics- functions of the foot

Question 1

The relevant articulations

Answer 1

Talocrural
Subtalar
Talonavicular
Calcaneocuboid
First ray- medial cuneiform and 1st MT
1st MTPJ

Question 2

Two functions of the foot

Answer 2

Shock absorber

Rigid lever- that propels the body’s weight forwards

Question 3

How the foot achieves the two functions- heel strike

Answer 3

At heel strike- the foot contacts the ground in a slightly inverted/supinated position, then gradually moves to a everted/pronated position
Then at toe off, the foot returns to the supinated position
The movement of pronation unlocks the foot, allows bones to become mobile so they can absorb shock and adapt to the surface
The foot must return to a supinated position to become a rigid lever to propel the body weight forwards.

Question 4

Mid stance

Answer 4

At mid stance, the foot should be in a neutral position to allow the foot to function effectively

Question 5

What is pronation?

Answer 5

Combined movements dorsiflexion, eversion and external rotation

Question 6

What is supination?

Answer 6

Combined movements of plantarflexion, inversion and internal rotation