Biomechanics Fluid Mechanics RA Flashcards
Explain Bernoulli’s Principle and give an example.
Bernoulli’s Principle states that as the speed of a fluid (like air or water) increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa. In other words, when a fluid flows faster, the pressure it exerts decreases.
Give an example of the Bernoulli’s Principle.
This principle helps explain why planes can fly. The shape of an airplane wing is designed to make air move faster over the top surface, creating lower pressure above the wing. The higher pressure underneath pushes the wing upward, generating lift.
Explain movement from High Pressure to Low Pressure
The movement from high pressure to low pressure is a fundamental principle in fluid dynamics and is known as the flow of fluids. It is based on the concept that fluids, such as air or water, naturally move from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure.
When there is a pressure difference between two points in a fluid system, the fluid flows from the region of higher pressure to the region of lower pressure. This flow occurs until equilibrium is reached, where the pressure is equalized.
Explain Magnus Effect
The Magnus effect is a phenomenon in fluid dynamics where a spinning object experiences a sideways force perpendicular to the direction of motion. It occurs due to the difference in pressure between the faster-moving air on one side and the slower-moving air on the other side of the object. This creates a lift or a sideways deflection depending on the spin direction.
Angle of incidence and Reflection for Topspin.
When a ball influenced with topspin bounces, the reflection of the ball is influenced by the angle of incidence. When the ball bounces, it will go faster in the vertical direction and more flat.
Angle of incidence and Reflection for Backspin.
Backspin generates an upward force that lift’s the ball, (magnus effect).When the ball reaches the ground, the ball with bounce higher and less forward.
Explain swing bowling
By manipulating the orientation of the ball’s raised stitching, called the seam, the bowler can disrupt the laminar flow and create areas of low pressure on one side of the ball and higher pressure on the other side. This causes the ball tow swing.
Explain reverse swing
reverse swing is a technique where the ball deviates towards the shiny side due to the contrast between the rough and shiny sides of the ball. By angling the seam and creating turbulence with the rough side, a pressure differential is formed, resulting in the ball swinging towards the shiny side.
Explain surface drag
Drag force acting on an object within a fluid and caused by friction between the surface of the object and the fluid.
Explain form drag
Drag force acting on an object within a fluid caused by the difference in pressure between two sides of the object.
Explain wave drag
wave drag occurs when an object moves at high speeds and generates waves in the fluid medium.
