Biomechanics

Question 1

Newton’s first law of …

Answer 1

Inertia - all bodies will continue in a state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by some external force.
e.g. a sprinter will not move from the blocks until their legs exert force against them.

Question 2

Newton’s second law of …

Answer 2

acceleration - the acceleration of a body is proportional to the force acting on it and takes place in the direction the force acts.

Question 3

Newton’s third law of …

Answer 3

action–reaction - for every action is a opposite and equal reaction.
e.g. a sprinter exerts a force against the ground ever time they push off the track. This creates a equal and opposite reaction force that moves their body over the ground.

Question 4

linear motion

Answer 4

all body parts move the same distance and direction at the same time.

Question 5

angular motion

Answer 5

body parts rotate in the same direction at the same time around a fixed point.

Question 6

General motion

Answer 6

a combination of angular motion an linear motion.

e.g. long jump

Question 7

projectile motion

Answer 7

• speed of take off
• angle of take off (45*)
• hight of centre of gravity of athlete at take off, or of implement of release.

Question 8

factors affecting projectile motion

Answer 8

• velocity of release
• the angle of projection
• the hight of release
• air resistance and spin.

Question 9

Summation of momentum

Answer 9

body parts involved in the performance of the skill move in a sequential way, beginning with the largest and slowest segments and finishing with the smallest and fastest segments.
All the body parts working together to achieve a effective skill.

Question 10

Accuracy

Answer 10

Direction in which the force is applied and the amount of force applied

Question 11

balance

Answer 11

body or an object to maintain stability or equilibrium when stationary or moving.

Question 12

Factors affecting balance and stability

Answer 12

• size of the base of support
• position of the centre of gravity
• line of gravity
• mass of the body

Question 13

Speed and velocity

Answer 13

The rate at which a body or body part, move from one point to another.

Question 14

Acceleration

Answer 14

The rate at which velocity changes with respect to time.

Question 15

example of linear motion

Answer 15

eg. running - each segment of the leg rotates around the joints at the same time and the body moves in a straight line. -general.

Question 16

example of angular motion

Answer 16

e.g. gymnast swinging over a bar - external

bowling for cricket action (360) - internal

Question 17

stability

Answer 17

A body or object to resist being moved; how difficult it is to disturb your balance.

Question 18

Speed how to obtain the average

Answer 18

dividing the distance travelled by time taken.

Question 19

velocity how to obtain the average

Answer 19

-dividing the displacement by the time taken.

Question 20

Acceleration how to obtain average

Answer 20

subtracting initial velocity from final velocity and then dividing this by time taken to complete the task.