Biomechanics Flashcards
provides
form, stability, and movement to the
human body
Musculoskeletal System
It consists of the body
‘
s
bones (which make up the skeleton),
muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints,
cartilage, and other connective
tissue.
Musculoskeletal System
Study of how the skeletal and muscular systems work under
different conditions.
Biomechanics
In biomechanics more generally, scientists
often try to apply physics and other mathematically based forms
of analysis to discover the ______ and ____________ of biological
systems.
Limits and Capabilities
“Father of Biomechanics
”
Wrote the book “De Motu Animalium
”
Concept of muscle contractile movement
Giovanni Alfonso Borelli
_________ is a branch of science that deals with forces and the effects produced
by these forces. The application of this science to the biological system is referred
to as biomechanics.
Mechanics
_____ ____________ focuses on how forces act on the musculoskeletal system
and how the body tissue responds to these forces.
Human Biomechanics
Biomechanics can be viewed in the
context of either ________ or ________ biomechanics.
External or Internal
describes
external forces on body segments
and their effect on body
movement,
External Biomechanics
describes
external forces on body segments
and their effect on body
movement,
External Biomechanics
forces
generated by the body tissues
and their effect on movement.
Internal Biomechanics
study of forces acting on
and generated in the body due to workstation design,
workplace equipment, and job tasks.
This field of study draws
on biological science and engineering mechanics to evaluate
how the body functions in various occupational settings.
Occupational Biomechanics
The purpose of occupational biomechanics is to as ______,
_________, and _______ ergonomic methods that will help
workers carry out their jobs without putting themselves at risk of
developing an MSD.
Assess, Implement and Evaluate
Proper way of lifting
Kinetic Lifting / Squat Lifting
One ofthe most
importantrisk factors
involving a liftis the
__________ _____ or the
distance from the hand
(holding the object)to
the center ofthe body
Horizontal Reach
_____ is
to
lift
something
and take it to another place or transport
something
by
lifting
.
Carry
Wrong way of carrying objects at work can result in
___________ _______ including sprains and strains
and other injuries.
musculoskeletal injuries (MSls)
Manual activities such as ______ and _______ requires workers to contort their bodies in ways that can be uncomfortable and prone to risk injuries.
Pushing and Pulling
_________ can be a main result of improper pushing and pulling, an injury that is far too coming
Overexertion
___ means life
_________ motion, movements and forces
Bio
Mechanics (Machine)
Uses (ata) ng Biomechanics
Tatlo
Improve movement techniques
Improve equipment
Prevent Injuries
deals with body motion and the forces that cause
it to move/are the internal and external forces that act on
the body.
Kinetics
describes the motion of a body without regard
to the forces that produce the motion.
Kinematics
provides the why behind physical
stressors in the workplace, while ergonomics applies this
understanding to create the how of designing safer and more
comfortable environments.
Biomechanics
conditions affecting the muscles,
bones, tendons, ligaments, and other parts of the musculoskeletal system. These can be
caused or exacerbated by poor ergonomic
design and work-related factors.
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs)
mechanical failure of a body part due to repeated
microtrauma overtime
symptoms are most often ignored until they become
chronic, painful, and often permanently damaging
damage may occur to muscle, tendon, tendon sheath,
ligament, spinal disc, nerve, joint, capsule, and bone
Causes of MSDs
2 categories of risk factors causing MSDs
work-related (ergonomic) risk factors
individual-related risk factors.
3 primary ergonomic risk factors
• High task repetition.
• Forceful exertions.
• Sustained awkward postures
Common Diagnoses of MSDs
Tendonitis
Tenosynovitis
Bursitis
Muscle Train
Ligament Sprain
Osteoarthritis
MSDs are commonly associated with job requiring assembly,
handtool use, or extensive interface with equipment and
machinery
True
The cause of this problems (MSDs)may be related
Workplace Design
Work Organization
Materials and Tools
Lifting and Material Handling
Sources of MSDs
- routine lifting of heavy objects
- daily exposure to whole body vibration
- routine overhead work
- performing repetitive forceful tasks
Interventions for MSDs
- Use of Engineering Controls
- Use of Administrative Controls
- Use of PPE
·Hands and arms are designed for fine _________ activities, while legs are for
________.
Motor
Mobility
achieved when the muscles are at their
resting length and the joint is naturally aligned
Neutral Poisture
A posture is considered _______________ when it moves away from the
neutral posture toward the extremes in range of motion.
awkward
