Biomechanics

Question 1

What is the purpose of the study of biomechanics?

Answer 1

study of movement used to improve performance and can help reduce injuries

Question 2

What are the 3 phases that make up and observation schedule

Answer 2

Preparation
Execution
Completion

Question 3

isotonic forces

Answer 3

isotonic - where the applied force is sufficient to change the motion of an object.
Eg: hitting a softball

Question 4

Isometric

Answer 4

length of the muscle does not change
E.g: pushing against a wall.

Question 4

Internal Force:

Answer 4

generated inside of the body by the muscles contracting and pulling on the skeleton.
Eg - quadriceps contracting and extending the leg when kicking a ball.

Question 5

External Force

Answer 5

generated outside of the body and acts on it in some way.
Eg - Gravity

Question 6

maximal forces

Answer 6

the maximal contraction of muscles to produce an all out effort.
Eg - driving a golf ball

Question 7

submaximal forces

Answer 7

limited muscle contraction to produce a controlled movement
Eg - putting in golf

Question 8

Explain why a heavier shot put will not travel as far as a lighter shot put when pushed the same force?

Answer 8

Force = Mass x Acceleration (F= M x A)

The greater the mass (weight) of an object, the greater the force required to move it.

E.g. a 5kg shot putt requires greater force to throw it the same distance as a 4kg shot putt.

Question 9

Name one way an athlete can increase his/her power?

Answer 9

Force Summation - timing of body movements moving in turn produces increased force

Question 10

Quantitative

Answer 10

judging performance based on measuring the results.

Question 11

4 quantitative measures

Answer 11

• Time
• Distance / height
• Weight
• points scored

Question 11

Qualitative

Answer 11

Providing feedback based on technique and performance.

Question 12

Name the 5 stages of qualitative analysis and how a coach would use these to improve performance.

Answer 12

1. Preparation - assess the performance of player in shooting free throws. - Shooting form, consistency, and technique.
2. Observation - Observe Player free throw practice. Take notes on shooting form, body posture, hand placement, and overall technique.
3. Evaluation - Evaluate Player shooting form based on principles and rubric
4. Intervention - Provide feedback to Player on their shooting form and suggest improvements. Recommend drills exercise etc
5. Re-observation - After practice observe Player during free throw practice. Assess whether there have been improvements

Question 13

Two sport where friction is needed

Answer 13

climbing - Climbers rely on friction generated by the rubber on their climbing shoes to grip onto holds.

Basketball - players rely on the friction between their shoes and the court to make quick cuts, change direction, and stop abruptly.

Question 14

Two sport where friction is not needed

Answer 14

Swimming - minimizing friction with the water is essential to increase speed.

Ice Skating - figure skating and speed skating reducing friction is key to achieving high speeds and smooth movements.

Question 15

Quantitative analysis

Answer 15

Preparation - Free throw percentage, time taken more shoot and successful shots

Observation - Number of successful free throws out of attempted

Intervention - improve speed, accuracy,

Evaluation - free throw rate percentage, calculate average time