Biomechanics

Question 1

what does LEFfIE stand for (levers)?

Answer 1

Effort
Fulcrum
Fulcrum

Question 2

what is the formula for mechanical advantage?

Answer 2

Mechanical advantage= Effort arm/ load arm

Question 3

What is a force?

Answer 3

A push or pull which affects the motion of a body

Question 4

What is momentum?

Answer 4

The quantity of motion possessed by a moving body

Question 5

What is Newton’s law of acceleration?

Answer 5

The acceleration of a body is dependent on the net external force acting upon the object and the mass of an object

Question 6

What is the formula for momentum?

Answer 6

Mass x velocity (kgm/s)

Question 7

What is the centre of mass of an object?

Answer 7

The point at which a body is balanced in all directions

Question 8

What factors affect the stability of a body and why?

Answer 8

->Base of support
->Height of the centre of mass
->Line of gravity
->Mass of an object

Question 9

What is a mechanical disadvantage of the third class lever?

Answer 9

Requires greater effort to move a load

Question 10

What is an advantage of the 3rd class lever?

Answer 10

Can generate a high velocity and acceleration over a greater range of motion

Question 11

What is the purpose of force plates?

Answer 11

It is a built in force transducer which measure the size and direction of the ground reaction force exerted by an athlete especially gait analysis. However it is used in lab conditions and therefore it may require athletes to alter their jumping/ running technique.

Question 12

What is the purpose of Wind tunnels?

Answer 12

Built-in pressure sensors which detect the size and direction of air flow, air pressure, air resistance acting on an object to help streamline an object. However they require specialists individuals and laboratory conditions which is expensive

Question 13

What is the purpose of limb kinematics?

Answer 13

Infra-red cameras and bodily markers converting motion of an individual into a computer software. Used to measure joint and limb efficiency which can aid in technique optimization. However, accuracy is dependent on marker placement, it is expensive and has to be done in laboratory conditions.

Question 14

How can friction be increased?

Answer 14

->Increasing the roughness of the contact surface by wearing spikes
->Increase the roughness of the ground surface e.g. rubber tracks
->Increasing the temperature of ground and contact surface e.g. F1 test run drive
->Size of the normal reaction