Biomechanics

Question 1

Biomechanics -

Answer 1

the mechanics of tissues, joints, and human movement. How living forces interact within a living body.

Question 2

:Mechanics is divided into 3 main areas:

Answer 2

1. Rigid – the object in question is rigid and the forces that act on the object are studied. The object does not deform by bending, stretching or condensing
   a. Statics – mechanics of object at rest or moving at unchanging velocity
   b. Dynamics – objects that are in accelerated motion
2. Deformable-body – would look at the effect of external forces on tissues and organ systems
3. Fluid – such as blood flowing past heart valves and effects of swimming on the body

Question 3

endomysium:

Answer 3

muscle fibers are wrapped by fascia, or connective tissue, called endomysium. Endomysium forms bundles that are surrounded by another layer of tissue called the perimysium

Question 4

perimysium:

Answer 4

The perimysium is covered by a fibrous facial layer, named the epimysium. This layer of tissue extends from the tendons that connect bones to muscles.

Question 5

inserstion:

Answer 5

the area where the muscle attaches to a movable skeletal

Question 6

origin

Answer 6

where the muscle attaches to unmovable structure

Question 7

5 biomechanical reasons to warmup:

Answer 7

1. Cardiorespiratory enhancements because it leads to less stress on a client’s lungs and heart
2. Raises the body temperature which is beneficial because blood cells release oxygen more rapidly at higher temperatures. This leads to increased utlilization of oxygen for the muscles
3. Blood flow to active muscles increases during warmup and prevents premature faiture during the workout (and lactic acid buildup)
4. Higher body temp can helps the muscle to become “stretchy” making it more difficult to tears fibers and decreases injury risk
5. Warming up enchances motor skills and brain transmissions
6. Symptoms of stress , pain or discomfort are increased, letting you know there might be greater problems.

Question 8

Benefits of cool-down:

Answer 8

1. Delays the onset of soreness by reducing lactic acid buildup
2. Blood can pool in lower exremeties of limps (venous pool) and blood supply to heart is compromised
3. A sudden decrease in temp can increase likelihood of tear
4. Uses up excess adrenaline, reducing stress of heart

Question 9

Kinemetics –

Answer 9

the study of human motion itself. Describes and analyzes motion without reference to mass, force, or other circumstances leading to motion

Question 10

5 primary variables of kinemetics:

Answer 10

1. Timing of movement
2. Positioning
3. Rearrangement
4. Speed
5. Acceleration

Question 11

Kinetic energy:

Answer 11

is the energy of motion. This area of kinetics studies the relationship between an object’s movement and what caused it.

Question 12

Tensile Force –

Answer 12

the pulling force that acts on an internal structure. The structure being acted on is said to be under tension.

Question 13

Compressive Force –

Answer 13

pushing force, that pushes object together

Question 14

3 types of equilibrium for an object:

Answer 14

depending on the stability of the body. These classes are stable equilibrium, unstable equilibrium and neutral equilibrium. For stable equilibrium to occur, a slight disturbance must generate a force that restores the object to its equilibrium position. When a force causes an object to move away from its equilibrium, it is known as unstable
equilibrium. Neutral equilibrium occurs when there are no forces acting on an object

Question 15

Kinesiology

Answer 15

the study of the body’s movement. Emphasizes biomechanics when it comes to the muscular and skeletal system, not to mention the joints

Question 16

contralateral:

Answer 16

opposite side

Question 17

ipsilateral :

Answer 17

same side

Question 18

valgus:

Answer 18

outward curve of a limb

Question 19

Valus

Answer 19

inward curve of a limb

Question 20

The sagittal plane:

Answer 20

divides the body into the right and left sides.

Question 21

The frontal plane:,

Answer 21

also known as thecoronal plane, separates the body into front and back sections.

Question 22

transverse plane:

Answer 22

Lastly, the upper and lower areas of the body are designated by the traverse plane.