Biomechanics

Question 1

Biomechanics

Answer 1

Application of mechanical principles to understand the effects of forces on physical functions and structures

Question 2

Kinematic us. Kinetics

Answer 2

Motion → cause of motion

Question 3

Displacement

Answer 3

The difference between initial and final positions →
d(final)-d(initial)

Question 4

Velocity

Answer 4

The rate in change in position
m/s (meters per second)
[d(final)-d(initial)] / delta T

Question 5

Acceleration

Answer 5

The rate of change in velocity
[v(final)-v(initial)] / delta T

Question 6

Mass

Answer 6

(Inertia) the quantity of matter in a body
Kg

Question 7

Force

Answer 7

A push or pull Newtons
F=ma
F= mass x acceleration
F= (quantity of matter) x (rate of change in velocity)

Question 8

3 types of forces

Answer 8

External, applied, internal

Question 9

Newtons 3 laws of Motion

Answer 9

Law of inertia
Law of acceleration
Law of action a reaction

Question 10

Law of inertia

Answer 10

An object in motion will continue that motion, in direction t speed, unless there is a force to cause it to change (same w/ at rest)

Question 11

What is force equal to in law of inertia

Answer 11

F=0

Question 12

Law of acceleration

Answer 12

The change in motion of an object is proportional to the force applied
AND
The change in motion is in the direction that the force is applied

Question 13

What is the equation for force in the law of acceleration

Answer 13

F=ma

Question 14

The law of action and reaction

Answer 14

For every force there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 15

Equation for force in law of action and reaction

Answer 15

F (ab) = -F (ba)

Question 16

Motion capture (mocap)

Answer 16

Reflective markers on key parts of the body → camera captures movements

Question 17

High speed cameras, micro electro-mechanical systems sensors (mems) and electronic timing devices are all related to what research method in biomechanics

Answer 17

Motion capture (mocap)

Question 18

What type of motion capture is more accurate than the human eye?

Answer 18

Electronic timing device

Question 19

Force measurement devices

Answer 19

Force transducers, force platform, plantar pressure system, electromyography system (emg)

Question 20

Measures force in 1d-3d

Answer 20

Force transducers

Question 21

Observes movements in the way they would naturally happen because they are placed in the floor

Answer 21

Force platforms

Question 22

A more clinical force measurement device that is likely relied upon by footwear companies

Answer 22

Plantar pressure system

Question 23

What research method is characterized by mathematical models of musculoskeletal systems and structures which allow for the creation of “virtual human”

Answer 23

Computer modeling and simulation

Question 24

Why is computer modeling and simulation used as a research method in biomechanics

Answer 24

Internal forces (muscle and joint contact) cannot be directly measured

Question 25

Why is computer modeling and simulation not as common a research method

Answer 25

Requires a high degree of expertise, especially in computer science

Question 26

What are factors that influence technique

Answer 26

Task, performer goal, performer characteristics, environment, law of physics

Question 27

A complex movement pattern versus a simple movement pattern is an example of what kind of factor that influences technique

Answer 27

Task

Question 28

Muscle imbalances, skill level, previous injuries, and emotional and mental state are all examples of what kind of factor that influences technique

Answer 28

Performer characteristics

Question 29

What dictates the “best” or most “correct” technique

Answer 29

Interaction between goals and performer

Question 30

Inertia

Answer 30

An inherent property of an object to resist an opposing force

Question 31

5 factors that influence technique

Answer 31

PET CG