Biomechanics Flashcards
What is newton’s first law?
The law of inertia
Give a definition of the law of inertia
A body continues in a state of rest or constant velocity unless acted upon by external or unbalanced forces.
Apply N1 to an athlete in the blocks
The athlete will remain stationary in the blocks
What is inertia?
The resistance of a body to change its state of movement, whether at rest or while moving
What factors effect inertia?
-mass
What is Newton’s second law?
The law of acceleration
Describe the law of acceleration
A body’s rate of change of momentum is proportional to the size of the force applied, and acts in the same direction as the force applied.
Apply N2 to a sprinter coming out the blocks
The greater the force applied to the sprinter, the greater the rate of change of momentum and therefore acceleration out of the blocks.
What is Newton’s third law?
The law of reaction
Give a definition for N3
For every action force applied to a body there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
Give an example of how N3 can be applied to a high jumper
The more action force the high jumper applies in their takeoff jump the more reaction force the floor will apply back and the higher the jumper will leave the ground.
Apply N3 to a batter in Cricket
The more force the batter applies to the ball the more force the ball will apply back and therefore travel further when hit.
What is linear velocity and what is it measured in?
The rate of displacement, measured in m/s
How do you calculate velocity?
Velocity = displacement/time
What is acceleration and what are its units?
The rate of change in velocity, measured in m/s/s
How do you calculate acceleration?
Acceleration = (final velocity-initial velocity)/time
or
Acceleration = force/mass