Biomechanics 1 Flashcards
Define ‘Biomechanics’
Study of motion & effects of forces relative to the body, applies the law of mechanics & physics to human performance.
List some benefits of Biomechanics
Improve Performance
Prevent Sports Injuries
Improved Sports Equipment
Improve Technology Development
Define ‘Motion’
Occurs when an object has changed position in space & in time, due to the application of forces.
List 2 types of forces & the difference in each
1.Internal Force = Structure of the body that interact to produce movement.
2. External Force = Result in interaction with the body & environment.
Give an example of both types of forces
Internal Force = muscles & tendons in arm/leg.
External Force = Gravity, Friction, Air Resistance, Water Resistance
Define ‘Linear Motion/Translation’
Movement along a straight-line, no rotation & body parts move in the same direction as same speed.
E.g. A cyclist whilst stopped pedaling.
Define ‘Rectilinear Motion’
Movement is linear and occurs through a straight line, this is often represented by the body as a whole or certain point of the body (the head when running).
E.g. A baseball pitch (ball is flat & in a straight line)
Define ‘Curvilinear motion’
Movement is linear but object moves through a curved trajectory, Think about the pathway of a ball during a shot on goal in netball or the flight path of long-distance ski jumper.
E.g. a ball during a shot on goal in netball
Define ‘Angular Motion’
Where all the parts of a body move through a rotational pathway, through the same angle, in the same direction and at the same time
E.g. When a gymnasts performs a giant circle on a bar
Define ‘General motion’
Combination of linear and angular motion
E.g. cyclist may move in a straight line as a result of the rotation of the legs about the hip joint
Explain the difference between Displacement & Distance
Distance Refers to how far you have travelled from your start to finish position
Displacement Measures the overall change in position of a person and is measured in magnitude and direction
What is the formula for Speed
Distance/Time
What is the formula for Velocity
Displacement/Time
What is the formula for Acceleration
Final velocity-initial velocity/Time
What is the formula for Average Speed
Total distance/Total time
What is the formula for Instantaneous speed
Distance/Time
Define ‘Acceleration’
Rate at which velocity of a body changes with respect to time