Biomechanical movement (P2) Flashcards
What is a scalar quantity?
When measurements are only described in terms of size/magnitude- mass, distance and speed.
What is a vector quantity?
When measurements are described in terms of magnitude and direction- weight, acceleration, displacement, velocity and momentum.
In terms of vectors, what does an arrow show?
The magnitude and direction
What is mass?
The quantity of matter the body possess. Measured in kg
What is weight?
The gravitational force exerted on an object. Measured in Newtons
What is distance?
The path a body takes as it moves from the starting to the finishing position. Measured in metres.
What is displacement?
The shortest route in a straight line between the starting and finishing position.
What is speed?
The rate of change over a distance. Measured in m/s.
What is velocity?
The rate of change of displacement. Measure in metres per second.
What is the formula for speed?
Distance covered (m)/time taken (s)= speed (m/s)
What is the formula for velocity?
Displacement (m)/ time taken (s)=velocity (m/s)
What does a distance-time graph show?
The distance travelled over a period of time.
How do you work out the gradient of a graph?
Changes in y-axis/ changes in x-axis
What do velocity-time graphs and speed-time graphs show?
Indicates the velocity or speed of a performer or object per unit of time.
What is acceleration?
The rate of change of velocity. Measured in m/s^2
What is the formula for acceleration?
Change in velocity (m/s)/ time (s)= acceleration (m/s^2)
What is momentum?
The product of the mass and velocity of an object. Measured in (kgm/s).
What is the formula for momentum?
Mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)= momentum (kgm/s)
What are the two types of force?
Internal and external
What is an internal force?
A force generated from the contraction of the skeletal muscles
What is an external force?
A force generated from outside the body.
What are the vertical forces?
Weight and reaction force
How does weight act as a force to the body? And give an example.
A gravitational force exerted on the body, pulling it towards the centre of the Earth. e.g an aquatic diver will experience the force of gravity pulling them done the pool.
What is a reaction force and give an example?
An equal and opposite reaction force that occurs when two bodies are in contact with each other. e.g when a footballer kicks a football there is an equal and opposite reaction force. Force is exerted against the ball and back on the foot by the ball.