Biology unit 5

Question 1

Heart

Answer 1

an organ that pumps the blood

Question 2

liver

Answer 2

an organ that removes toxins and dead blood cells from the blood, and creates biles and cholesteral

Question 3

kidney

Answer 3

an organ that removes excess water and excess items that are dissolved from the blood

Question 4

spleen

Answer 4

an organ that removes dead blood cells from blood

Question 5

lungs

Answer 5

organs that take in air, so oxygen can be added to blood and remove carbon dioxide, heat, and water from the blood

Question 6

small intestine

Answer 6

an organ that adds food and water to the blood

Question 7

red bone marrow

Answer 7

a tissue that makes the red and white blood cells and platelets

Question 8

polarity

Answer 8

a property of water when one side of the molecule is slightly positive, and the other side is slightly negative, but overall it is neutral

Question 9

cohesion

Answer 9

a property of water when one water molecule is attracted to other water molecules

Question 10

adhesion

Answer 10

a property of water when water molecules are attracted to other molecules other than water

Question 11

capillarity

Answer 11

a property of water in which water molecules move upward against gravity through tiny pores/spaces

Question 12

what are the properties of molecules

Answer 12

polar - water-soluble - hydrophilic
non-polar - lipid-soluble - hydrophobic

Question 13

what is a sugar

Answer 13

a glucose molecule. it has a backbone of carbon atoms, it has side chains with hydrogen and oxygen atoms which are polar.

Question 14

what makes sugar dissolve in water?

Answer 14

the water sticks to the polar side chains, covering the molecule, and hiding it from view

Question 15

what is a lipid

Answer 15

a fatty acid molecule. it has a backbone of carbon atoms, the side chains are mostly hydrogen atoms, and there is more even sharing between the atoms. it has a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head

Question 16

organic compounds definition and examples

Answer 16

def: molecules that have carbon atoms and are derived from living organisms.

examples: lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, etc

Question 17

surfactant

Answer 17

lipoprotein that is made by the lungs that reduces the cohesion in your air sacs, so they don’t collapse

Question 18

red blood cells

Answer 18

cells made in the side of the red bone marrow that carry oxygen through the body

Question 19

bile

Answer 19

a chemical made by the liver that drains into the small intestine to create an emulsion

Question 20

emulsion

Answer 20

what the little droplets of oil and fat stay mixed with the water

Question 21

cholesterol

Answer 21

a chemical made by the liver and it carries fatty acids through the blood

Question 22

plasma

Answer 22

the liquid part of the blood that comes from the water we drink in the small intestine (?)

Question 23

interstitial fluid

Answer 23

the liquid between the cells in your body that leaks from the capillaries