BIOLOGY - TRANSOORT Flashcards
Diffusion
The passive movement of particles from high to low concentration
How can the rate of diffusion be changed
altering concentration gradient , temperature and surface area
How can you increase the rate of effectiveness of an exchange surface
- Large surface area
- Thin membrane
- Efficient blood supply
- Being ventilated (in animals for gas exchange)
Osmosis
Passive movement of water form an area of higher concentration of water to an area of low water concentration across a per able membrane
What are mass change caused by
Caused by movement of water across a plant cell membrane
Active Transport
uses energy from respiration to transport substances across a membrane from low concentrations to high concentrations
What is active transport used in and how
Root hair cells and the small intestine for absorption of nutrients
Net movement
The total amount of movement taking place
Plasmolysed
concentrated solution outside the cell
Flaccid
equal amount of solute concentration in and out of the cell
Turgid
pure water or dilute solution outside
Hypotonic
solution which contains a lower concentration of solutes compared to another soloution
Hypertonic
solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes to another
What does active transport do/need that no other cell does
requires energy
Against the concentration gradient
Used on the rot hair cells and and small intestine for absorption
What does active transport and diffusion have in common
both transport different things not just water
What does diffusion not need that other plant do
A membrane the others require a semi permeable membrane
What does osmosis require/do that the others do not
Involves only water
It regulates how much water is in plants and cells
What does Osmosis and diffusion have in common
It is passive
High to low concentration
What do they all have in common
Movement if particles
Occurs in nature
What is the answer to any osmosis and diffusion question
Large surface area
Short pathway - distance material had to travel
Difference in gradient maintained
