Biology Test Term 2

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment, within a narrow tolerance range, while the external environment changes

Question 2

What does negative feedback do?

Answer 2

Decreases the original stimulus -e.g insulin, water regulation, temperature regulation

Question 3

What does positive feed back do?

Answer 3

Increases and encourages the stimulus -e.g birthing contractions

Question 4

List the stimulus response model

Answer 4

Stimulus -> receptor -> processor -> effector -> response

Question 5

List the parts of a neuron (from top to bottom)

Answer 5

Dendrites, cell body, nucleus, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals

Question 6

Lists the journey of an electrical signal through the neuron

Answer 6

(1)Signal beings at the dendrites, (2)travels through to the axon terminals, (3)(signals cannot jump the synapse as electrical signals) before crossing signal changes from electrical to chemical, (4)can now make the distance, (5)switches back to electrical

Question 7

Name the two types of nervous systems

Answer 7

CNS (Central nervous system) PNS (peripheral nervous system)

Question 8

What two parts make up the CNS?

Answer 8

Brain and spinal chord

Question 9

What parts make up the PNS?

Answer 9

Somatic nervous system (muscle movements) automatic nervous system (involuntary actions)

Question 10

List the 3 main parts of the brain and their functions

Answer 10

(1) Cerebrum (contains 4 lobes, includes responsibility of sight, emotion, thought & the 5 senses)
(2) Cerebellum (balance and coordination)
(3) brain stem (3 parts, includes digestion, sleep & movement)

Question 11

List the 4 lobes in the cerebrum their functions and general location

Answer 11

(1) Frontal lobe (FRONT, personality/thinking/thought)
(2) Parietal lobe (MIDDLE\BACK, senses [not vision])
(3) Temporal lobe (TEMPLES, emotion, language, memory)
(4) Occipital lobe (BACK, sight)

Question 12

List 3 types of neutrons

Answer 12

Motor neuron, sensory neuron, inter neuron

Question 13

What is the difference between a reaction and a reflex?

Answer 13

Reflexes are an automatic thing, reactions are processed by the brain before being acted on

Question 14

List the 5 senses and their receptors

Answer 14

(1) smell/taste - chemoreceptors
(2) light - photoreceptors
(3) touch/sound - mechanoreceptors
(4) temperature - thermoreceptors