Biology Test Ch.11 Flashcards
Who is considered the father of modern genetics? Why?
Mendel, because his research with genes and the way they work was the main starting point towards future research in the field of genetics.
What observations did he make?
- Traits can be passed on from an individual that does not have/show the trait.
- Traits follow specific rules and are predictable.
Was the fact that he did tens of thousands of trials important? Why?
Yes because with so many trials he was able to discern the actual probability.
What do you call organisms that have two different alleles for the same trait?
Heterozygous or hybrid
What do you call the pattern of inheritance when two alleles from a gene mix to form an intermediate?
Incomplete dominence
What do you call the pattern of inheritance when two alleles from a gene can both show up in the same offspring?
Codominance
What do you call traits that are controlled by two or more genes?
Polygenic
Who was Gergor Mendel?
He was an Augustinian monk who is best known for his investigation into the inheritance patterns in pea plants. His work was not realized until many years after his death.
What do you call one of several possible forms of a gene?
Allele
How did Mendel create purebred plants?
He kept breeding the same stock until they only produced that specific trait.
How can developing and reading the implications of a pedigree be useful?
- Pedigrees are used to help detect many different genetic diseases.
- A pedigree can be used to help determine the chances for a parent to produce an offspring with a specific trait or disease.
What is a genotype?
The actual genetic makeup of an organism or gamete.
What is a phenotype?
A phenotype is the actual physical appearance of an organism.
Why would an oak tree not be a good test species for a genetics experiment?
You would need to leave your experiment in your will for your grandchildren or beyond.
A green pea plant (Gg) is crossed with a yellow pea plant (gg). What are the chances of having a green pea plant?
2/4 or 50%
