Biology: Structure of the Heart

Question 1

What forms cardiac muscle?

Answer 1

cardiomyocytes

Question 2

What does cardiac muscle do?

Answer 2

contracts without need for nerve impulse to stimulate

Question 3

Where is the vena cava located?

Answer 3

vein connected to right atrium

Question 4

What is the role of the vena cava?

Answer 4

deoxygenated blood back from body tissues (not lungs)

Question 5

Where is the aorta located?

Answer 5

artery connected to left ventricle

Question 6

What is the role of the aorta?

Answer 6

oxygenated blood to all body tissues (not lungs)

Question 7

Where is the pulmonary vein located?

Answer 7

vein connected to left atrium

Question 8

What is the role of the pulmonary vein?

Answer 8

oxygenated blood to heart from lungs

Question 9

Where is the pulmonary artery located?

Answer 9

artery connected to right ventricle

Question 10

What is the role of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 10

carries deoxygenated blood to lungs from heart

Question 11

What happens to deoxygenated blood at the lungs?

Answer 11

carbon dioxide is removed and oxygen is replenished

Question 12

What is the atrium?

Answer 12

where blood first enters heart from veins

Question 13

What does the atrium do?

Answer 13

thin muscular walls contract and force blood into ventricles

Question 14

What are the ventricles?

Answer 14

where blood enters after being forced by atrium

Question 15

What do the ventricles do?

Answer 15

thick muscular walls create force to push blood out of arteries

Question 16

Why are the muscular walls of the left ventricle thicker?

Answer 16

to generate greater force to push blood at high pressure out of aorta and around body

Question 17

Where are the atrioventricular valves located?

Answer 17

between atrium and ventricle

Question 18

What is the function of the atrioventricular valves?

Answer 18

prevent back flow of blood into atria when ventricles contract. builds pressure in ventricles

Question 19

Where are the semilunar valves located?

Answer 19

in aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 20

What is the function of the semilunar valves?

Answer 20

prevent back flow of blood when pressure in vessels exceeds ventricular pressure