Biology Spring Term AP2 - Photosynthesis

Question 1

What are the elements of a plant cell? (8 elements)

Answer 1

nucleus, valcuole, ribosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm, chloroplast, cell wall, cell membrane

Question 2

Name all the parts in the structure of a leaf

Answer 2

upper epidermis, vein, palisade layer, spongy mesophyll, moist air space, stoma (guard cells are around this)

Question 3

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 3

When plants make their own food

Question 4

What are the four things you need for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

light energy, carbon dioxide, chlorophyll, and water

Question 5

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 5

carbon dioxide + water –>(with light and chlorophyll reacts to form: ) glucose + oxygen

Question 6

Like animals, what function do plants use to release energy?

Answer 6

respiration

Question 7

What is the chemical formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 7

6CO2 + 6H2O → (with light and chlorophyll reacts to form: ) C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 8

How can we tell if photosynthesis is taking place in a plant?

Answer 8

check if it’s producing oxygen; check if it’s producing starch; check if the leaves are a bright green

Question 9

What colour would you expect iodine to turn in the presence of starch?

Answer 9

A dark blue

Question 10

What is the purpose of starch in a plant?

Answer 10

To store/preserve it for longer and to keep for winter use. Glucose is turned into starch to help keep the energy for longer

Question 11

How will temperature affect a plant?

Answer 11

if the temperature is too high or low, it can affect the plant because the enzymes will denature from unsuitable temperatures

Question 12

When will photosynthesis in a plant occur?

Answer 12

only during daytime

Question 13

When does respiration in a plant occur?

Answer 13

all the time, no matter if it’s day or night

Question 14

What is a method that we could use to check if a plant is respirating?

Answer 14

we could put a plant in sodium hydrogen carbonate (we need this because we definitely know there is no oxygen in here), and shine a lamp on top and watch the liquid to see if bubbles are forming.

Question 15

Name 3 factors that can limit the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 15

1. insufficient light
2. lack of carbon
3. temperature

Question 16

What does a “limiting factor” mean?

Answer 16

A limiting factor is something that, when lacking, restricts the rate of photosynthesis, like low light levels

Question 17

Which part of the leaf is responsible for gas exchange during photosynthesis?

Answer 17

the stomata

Question 18

Why is glucose an important part of plant development (2 reasons)?

Answer 18

1. respiration for energy
2. to make other substances such as cellulose and starch

Question 19

What is the function of chlorophyll in plants?

Answer 19

• To capture the light energy of the sun
• Convert water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen

Question 20

potassium ion

Answer 20

1.growth and immune system
2.needed in cytoplasm - reactions can occur

without potassium ions-

• older yellow leaves
• green veins
• old, dead patches

Question 21

nitrogen ions

Answer 21

1. make protein

without nitrogen ions -

• stunted growth
• pale yellow green leaves
• shriveled leaves
• cannot photosynthesise

Question 22

nitrates

Answer 22

needed to make amino acids

Question 23

magnesium/iron ions

Answer 23

needed to make chlorophyll

without magnesium -

• yellow leaves and premature aging

Question 24

phosphorus ions

Answer 24

energy transfer and reproduction

• leaves fall off
• purple veins
• leaves turn a blue or purple colour

Question 25

calcium deficiency

Answer 25

• edges of the leaves blacken and wither