Biology revision Flashcards
What is Photosynthesis?
The process of which plants store energy of sunlight in sugar.
Why is the process of photosynthesis important?
Because without it we wouldn’t be alive.
Where does photosynthesis take place?
In leaves in organelles which are called chloroplast.
Where do leaves need to be in order to be in the sight of photosynthesis?
In the sunlight
What are ovules in plant reproduction?
Where the female gametes are formed.
What are the anthers in plant reproduction?
Where pollen grains are produced.
What is the stigma in plant reproduction?
Where the pollen grains land during pollination.
What are petals in plant reproduction?
A bright flag like feature to attract pollinating insects.
What is the filament in plant reproduction?
A thin stalk that supports the anther.
What is the carpel in plant reproduction?
Female sex organ made of the stigma, style and ovary.
What is the stamen in plant reproduction?
The male sex organ made of the filament and anther.
What is the style in plant reproduction?
Connects the stigma to the ovary.
What is the pollen tube in plant reproduction?
Grows out of the pollen grain and into the stigma carrying the pollen nucleus down to the egg cell.
What is Asexual reproduction?
Only needs one parents and offspring is identical.
What is sexual reproduction?
Needs two parents and offspring are different.
What are gametes?
Sex cells
What are the 2 sex cells?
The egg and sperm.
What is fertilisation?
When the egg and sperm cell fuse to become an embryo.
Where does fertilisation occur?
In the fallopian tube/oviduct.
What is a foetus?
An unborn baby.
Where does the foetus develop?
In the womb/uterus.
In a period how often are eggs released.
Usually every 28 days.
How long does pregnancy last?
40 weeks
What is the purpose of the amniotic fluid?
To protect and cushion the baby.
What happens when the baby is pushed out of the mothers body?
The mothers uterus wall contracts.
What is the oviduct in human reproduction?
A tube that the egg travels down to get to the womb.
What does the ovary do in human reproduction?
It releases the eggs.
What does the cervix do in human reproduction?
It holds the foetus in place if the egg has been fertilised. It’s a muscle that closes the top of the vagina.
What is the uterus in human reproduction?
It is where the fertilised egg would implant and develop into a foetus.
What is the vagina?
A muscular tube in the outside if the body where sperm is deposited.
What is the penis?
It places the sperm into the female.
What is the urethra in human reproduction?
Joins to the sperm duct and sperm and urine leave the penis through this.
What is the sperm duct in human reproduction?
A tube which the sperm travels through from the testicles.
What are the testes in human reproduction?
Where the sperm is produced.
What is the scrotum in human reproduction?
The skin surrounding the testes holding them outside of the body to keep sperm at the correct temp.
What is a gland in human reproduction?
These create a liquid to add to the sperm. The sperm and liquid together is called semen.
How long is a menstrual cycle?
28 days
What happens to the lining of the uterus if the egg isn’t fertilised.
The uterus lining breaks down and is released from the vagina as blood.
What do chromosomes carry?
DNA
Where do chromosomes come from?
Your parents
What is an embryo?
An early stage of development in a multicellular organism following fertilisation.
Where does the baby get oxygen from?
The umbilical cord.
What are the different ways seeds are dispersed?
Wind, water, animals eat them and dome out as faeces, animals catch them in fur, exploding and scattering.
What is gas exchange in plants?
The process by which the plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen through tiny pores called stomata.
What is gas exchange?
A process which involves the swapping of gases that occurs at exchange surfaces, it absorbs oxygen into the blood and removes carbon dioxide.
Are respiration and breathing the same?
NO
What is respiration?
A chemical reaction which occurs in all living cells releasing energy from glucose.
What is anaroebic respiration?
It doesn’t require oxygen and partially breaks down glucose.
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
What are the top 2 chambers called?
Left and right atrium.
What are the bottom 2 chambers called?
Left and right ventricle.
What do the arteries do?
They take blood away from the heart.
What do the veins do?
Take blood and return it to the heart.
What does the right side of the heart do?
Receives blood that has no oxygen.
What does the left side of the heart do?
Pumps blood carrying oxygen to the rest of the body.
What does the circulatory system consist of?
The heart and blood vessels running through the whole body.
