Biology: Respiration and Gas Exchange

Question 1

Define aerobic respiration

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration is the chemical process in which Glucose and Oxygen react to make Carbon dioxide and Water. In humans, aerobic respiration produces 32 molecules of ATP.

Question 2

Define anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

Anaerobic respiration is the process by which Glucose breaks up in the muscles to create Lactic acid. In humans, anaerobic respiration produces 2 molecules of ATP.

Question 3

Respiration symbol equation

Answer 3

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Question 4

Respiration word equation

Answer 4

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 5

Animal anaerobic respiration symbol equation

Answer 5

C₆H₁₂O₆→ C₃H₆O₃

Question 6

Animal aerobic respiration word equation

Answer 6

Glucose → Lactic Acid

Question 7

Plant anaerobic respiration word equation

Answer 7

Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Question 8

What happens when you breathe in?

Answer 8

-Intercostal muscles contract and diaphragm flattens
-Thorax volume increases
-Pressure becomes lower, drawing air in

Question 9

What happens when you breathe out?

Answer 9

-Intercostal muscles relax and diaphragm moves back up
-Thorax volume decreases
-Pressure becomes higher, forcing air out

Question 10

Name all parts of the respiratory system

Answer 10

-Trachea
-Bronchi (singular Bronchus)
-Bronchioles
-Alveoli
-Pleural membranes
-Intercostal muscles
-Diaphragm
-Heart

Question 11

Alveoli adaptations

Answer 11

-High surface area
-Moist lining for gases to dissolve in
-Single-cell thick walls
-High blood supply
-Permeable walls for gases to easily diffuse through

Question 12

Consequences of smoking tobacco

Answer 12

-Damages alveoli (reducing surface area)
-Damages cilia (causes lung infections)
-Irritates bronchioles, encouraging mucus production (smokers cough, bronchitis)
-Reduces the amount of oxygen blood can carry
-Can cause cancer