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Biology > Biology practice questions > Flashcards

Biology practice questions Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the start codon?

A

AUG - codes for methionine

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2
Q

What type of inheritance is blood type? Is it a mode of mendelian inheritance?

A
  • co-dominance
  • NO, it is NON-mendelian
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3
Q

How many components make up the cycle of infection? What are they?

A
  • 5
  • reservoir/ living host , portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
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4
Q

Who is credited with taking the X ray diffraction image used by Watson and Crick to formulate the double helix model of DNA?

A

Rosalind Franklin (YES MAAAAM)

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5
Q

What is a colligative property? What is an example of one?

A
  • depends only on the amount of solute present and NOT the size, mass, or chemical nature
  • osmotic pressure- depends on concentration of solute
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6
Q

What type of energy is contained in nutrient mlcs?

A

potential energy- stored energy, which is converted to useable energy, ATP

when ATP is used, it will be converted to kinetic energy aka energy in motion

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7
Q

What trophic level does tuna fall into?

A

tertiary consumer = 4th trophic level

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8
Q

What is the first trophic level of the food chain called?
What do they do?
What are some examples?

A
  • primary producers
  • take energy from the sun and turn it into mlcs to be used as food
  • (ie. phytoplankton, seagrass, algae)
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9
Q

What is the second trophic level of the food chain called?
What do they do?
What are some examples?

A
  • first order consumers (primary consumers)
  • eat producers to get energy
  • ie. zooplankton, atlantic blue tang (a fish) , conch
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10
Q

What is the 3rd trophic level of the food chain called?
What do they do?
What are some examples?

A
  • intermediate predators (secondary consumers)
  • eat primary consumers
  • ie. bar jack, black grouper, yellow tail snapper (all are fishes)
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11
Q

What is the fourth trophic level of the food chain called?
What do they do?
What are some examples?

A
  • tertiary consumers (top predators)
  • eat secondary consumers
  • bluefin tuna, gray reef shark
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12
Q

What does a food pyramid represent?

A

amount of energy available to organisms in an ecosystem

as we move up the food pyramid = less kilocalories available

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13
Q

Organ system –> organism –> population –> community

A
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14
Q

what is the correct order of natural selection?

A

overpopulation –> differential aka variation of traits –> competition for resources –> preservation aka modification (organism that survives can pass on genes to children)

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15
Q

The cause of cell differentiaion can best be described by the following:

A

each cell expresses different genetic info

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16
Q

Each cell has the same ___ and ____ NO MATTER THE TYPE OF CELL IN UR BODY (ie. nerve or muscle cell)

A

DNA ; chromosomes

17
Q

It has been hypothesize that chloroplast originated from cyanobacteria, what describes the best evidence for this hypothesis?

A

chloroplast DNA show clear similarities to cyanobacteria (photosynthetic) DNA

18
Q

What is improved when an experiment is repeated?

A

RELIABILITY

19
Q

What is the process called when plants return water vapor into the atmosphere?

A

transpiration through stomata (where H2O and O2 leave the leaves)- like human perspiration

20
Q

What functions to store energy as well as cushion vital body organs?

A

adpiose tissue

21
Q

What biomolecules (2) are there for cellular ID?

A

glycoproteins AND glycolipids

22
Q

Liver have a large amount of what organelle? Why is that?

A

smooth ER bc it does alot of detoxification and removal of waste products from the blood

23
Q

What organs has large amount of mitchochondria? Why?

A
  • skeletal m. and neuronal cells bc they require use of alot of energy
24
Q

What type of cells have large amount of golgi?

A
  • secretory cells ie. salivary gland cells
25
Q

What does trypsin do? How is it able to do this?

A
  • breaks down proteins into AA
  • lowers the activation energy of the rxn bc it is an ENZYME.
26
Q

In a cell membrane, the phospholipid bilayer is arranged so that the ___ are in contact with the cell’s internal and external environments and the ___ points to the interior of the membrane.

A
  • hydrophilic heads; hydrophobic tails
27
Q

If a homozygous red bird (RR) is crossed with a homozygous blue bird (rr), what is the probability that the offspring will have red feathers?

A

100%

28
Q

What organelle transports materials throughout the cell?

A

golgi

29
Q

What organelle takes up food through the cell membrane?

A

vacuoles

30
Q

What organelle does intracellular digestion?

A

lysosomes

31
Q

What organelle does cellular respiration?

A

mitchondria

32
Q

What type of tissue is bone?

A

connective tissue

Biology (12 decks)

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