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Bio Test 1 > Biology: Plant & Animal Cells > Flashcards

Biology: Plant & Animal Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

In a cell, what is the cell membrane?

A

The protective barrier around the cell.

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2
Q

What is the protective barrier around the cell?

A

The cell membrane.

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3
Q

In a cell, what is cytoplasm?

A

The jellylike substance in the cell. Other organelles are suspended in it.

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4
Q

What is the jellylike substance in the cell that other organelles are suspended in?

A

Cytoplasm.

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5
Q

In a cell, what is the nucleus?

A

The nucleus is the controller of the cell. It controls all cell activities and is located inside the nuclear envelope.

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6
Q

What controls all cell activities?

A

The nucleus.

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7
Q

In a cell, what is the nucleolus?

A

A dense center in the nucleus that makes ribosomes.

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8
Q

What is the dense center in the nucleus of a cell that makes ribosomes?

A

The nucleolus.

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9
Q

In a cell, what are chromosomes (DNA)?

A

Chromosomes (DNA) are the blueprints for the cell, usually in the form of chromatin.

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10
Q

What are the blueprints for cells?

A

Chromosomes (DNA).

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11
Q

In a cell, what is the mitochondria?

A

The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. It converts sugar to usable energy.

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12
Q

What part of the cell converts sugar to usable energy?

A

The mitochondria.

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13
Q

In a cell, what is the lysosome?

A

The lysosome is the cleaner of the cell, it is filled with enzymes to kill invading bacteria.

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14
Q

What part of the cell is filled with enxymes to kill invading bacteria?

A

The lysosome, the cleaner of the cell.

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15
Q

In a cell, what is the golgi apparatus?

A

The golgi apparatus modifies, sorts and packages protein made in the ER for delivery throughout the cell.

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16
Q

What part of the cell modifies, sorts and packages proteins made in the ER for delivery throughout the cell?

A

The golgi apparatus.

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17
Q

In a cell, what is the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

A series of tubes that carries materials throughout the cell. Rough ER is covered in ribosomes and makes proteins. Smooth ER has no ribosomes and makes fats and oils.

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18
Q

In a cell, what is the difference between Smooth ER and Rough ER?

A

Rough ER is covered in ribosomes and makes proteins. Smooth ER has no ribosomes and makes fats and oils.

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19
Q

What part of the cell is a series of tubes that carries materials throughout the cell?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum.

20
Q

What part of the cell is covered in ribosomes and makes proteins?

A

The rough ER.

21
Q

What part of the cell is not covered in robosomes and makes fats and oils?

A

The smooth ER.

22
Q

In a cell, what are ribosomes?

A

Ribosomes are where protein is assembled.

23
Q

What part of the cell assembles protein?

A

The ribosomes.

24
Q

In a cell, what is the cytoskeleton?

A

The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers made of protein filaments that keep the cells shape.

25
Q

What part of the cell is a network of fibers made of protein filaments that keep the cells shape.

A

The cytoskeleton.

26
Q

In an animal cell, what are the centrioles?

A

The centrioles are a pair of structure involved in cell division.

27
Q

What part of the animal cell is a pair of structures involved in cell division?

A

The centrioles.

28
Q

In a plant cell, what is the cell wall?

A

The cell wall is a rigid wall that provides strength, protection and support.

29
Q

What part of the plant cell provides support, protection and strength?

A

The cell wall.

30
Q

In a plant cell, what is the central vacuole?

A

The central vacuole stores water and gives rigidity to the cell.

31
Q

What part of the plant cell stores water?

A

The central vacuole.

32
Q

In a plant cell, what is the chloroplast?

A

The chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis. It contains a green pigment called chlorophyll.

33
Q

What part of the plant cell is the site of photosynthesis?

A

The chloroplast.

34
Q

What type of cell contains chlorophyll? (Plant or Animal)

A

Plant

35
Q

What type of cell has a large central vacuole? (Plant or Animal)

A

Plant

36
Q

What type of cell stores energy in starch or oils? (Plant or Animal)

A

Plant

37
Q

What type of cell stores energy in glycogen (a carb) or lipids? (Plant or Animal)

A

Animal

38
Q

What type of cell has centrioles? (Plant or Animal)

A

Animal

39
Q

What type of cell has specialized compounds for special functions? (Plant or Animal)

A

Animal (ex. hemoglobin in red blood cells)

40
Q

What part of the cell is the condensed form of chromosomes?

A

Chromatin

41
Q

In a cell, what is chromatin?

A

A condensed form of chromosomes.

42
Q

Define Organelle

A

Small cell part that maintains life processes of the cell.

43
Q

What is a small cell part that maintains life processes of the cell?

A

Organelle

44
Q

In cells, what are spindle fibers?

A

Spindle fibers are microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division.

45
Q

What are the microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division known as?

A

Spindle Fibers

46
Q

In cells, what are sister chromatids?

A

Identical pieces of DNA that are crucial in the process of cell division.

47
Q

What are the identical pieces of DNA that are important in cell division known as?

A

Sister Chromatids

Bio Test 1 (13 decks)

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