Biology: Mitosis

Question 1

What are the four main phases of mitosis in order?

Answer 1

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Question 2

What happens during the first growth phase (G1) of the cell cycle?

Answer 2

This phase is a period of growth for the cell. During this phase, the cell also produce new proteins and organelles. If the cell is healthy and conditions are favourable, the cell moves into the next phase.

Question 3

What happens during the synthesis phase (S) of the cell cycle?

Answer 3

During this phase, the cell makes (synthesizes) an entire copy of the DNA of the cell. Key proteins that are associated with chromosomes are also produced during this phase.

Question 4

What happens during the second growth phase (G2) of the cell cycle?

Answer 4

Once the DNA has been copied, the cell moves into the second growth phase. During this phase, the cell produce the organelles and structures needed for cell division. This phase is the shortest of the phases of interphase.

Question 5

How many chromosomes are in a typical human cell?

Answer 5

46 (23 pairs)

Question 6

In what stage of the cell cycle do the sister chromatids separate?

Answer 6

Anaphase

Question 7

In what stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell?

Answer 7

Metaphase

Question 8

In what stage of the cell cycle do spindle fibres form?

Answer 8

Prophase (early)

Question 9

In what stage of the cell cycle does the nuclear envelope break down?

Answer 9

Prophase (late)

Question 10

In what stage of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle break down?

Answer 10

Telophase

Question 11

In what stage of the cell cycle does the chromatin condense?

Answer 11

Prophase (early)

Question 12

In what stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell?

Answer 12

Metaphase

Question 13

What is cytokinesis?

Answer 13

Cytokinesis is the process of splitting the cytoplasm.

Question 14

What is the name of the process of splitting the cytoplasm in cell mitosis?

Answer 14

Cytokinesis

Question 15

What are tissues?

Answer 15

Groups of cells that perform the same function.

Question 16

What are groups of cells that perform the same function?

Answer 16

Tissues

Question 17

In mitosis, plant cells contain centrioles. (True or False)

Answer 17

False. They do not have centrioles.

Question 18

In mitosis, the sister cells split during anaphase. (True or False)

Answer 18

True

Question 19

In the cell cycle, cell growth occurs during interphase. (True or False)

Answer 19

True

Question 20

In the cell cycle, the cytoplasm divides immediately after interphase. (True or False)

Answer 20

False. It divides after mitosis (telophase).

Question 21

In the cell cycle, DNA synthesis occurs during interphase. (True or False)

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is the main difference between cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?

Answer 22

The difference is animal cells cleave into two while plant cells make a new wall.

Question 23

What stage of mitosis best fits the following statement: The nuclear envelope breaks into fragments.

Answer 23

Prophase

Question 24

What stage of mitosis best fits the following statement: This is the last stage of mitosis.

Answer 24

Telophase

Question 25

What stage of mitosis best fits the following statement: The sister chromatids line up at the centre of the cell.

Answer 25

Metaphase

Question 26

What stage of mitosis best fits the following statement: The sister chromatids are seperated.

Answer 26

Anaphase

Question 27

What stage of mitosis best fits the following statement: The chromosomes first become visible.

Answer 27

Prophase

Question 28

What is cancer?

Answer 28

Cancer is when a cell divides uncontrollably and forms a tumour. It is caused by a mutation that affects cell division.

Question 29

What is it called when a cell divide rapidly into a tumour?

Answer 29

Cancer