Biology - Part 1

Question 1

What is anatomy?

Answer 1

Study of the structure of organs and body systems

Question 2

What is physiology?

Answer 2

Study of the function of the organs and body systems

Question 3

What are the seven levels of organisms, from greatest size to smallest size?

Answer 3

Organism

Organ system

Organs

Tissues

Cells

Molecules

Atoms

Question 4

What do you need to do next?

Answer 4

Know the definition and meaning of each level of organization.

Question 5

What are the functions and features of epithelial tissues?

Answer 5

Provides covering (skin) or produces secretions (glandular)

Sheets, can regenerate

No vascularization - nutrients and gas exchange via diffusion

Question 6

What are the types of cell shapes and cell sizes?

Answer 6

Size:

Simple (absorption, filtration, secretion)

Stratified (protection)

Shapes:

Cuboidal

Columnar

Squamous

Question 7

What are the functions and features of nervous tissue?

Answer 7

Provides structure for brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Neurons generate electrical impulses

Support cells (myelin)

Question 8

What are the functions and features of connective tissue?

Answer 8

Connects different structures of the body

Bone, cartilage, adipose, and blood vessels

Vascularized, but some connective tissue are not

Question 9

What are the differences between skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle tissue?

Answer 9

Skeletal = Voluntary, consciously controlled; connected to bones

Smooth = Involuntary; intestines, blood vessels, bladder, uterus

Cardiac = Involuntary; heart

Question 10

What are the anatomical terms?

Question 11

What are the functions of the human body? See pdf next.

Answer 11

Adaption

Circulation

Elimination

Locomotion

Nutrition

Oxygenation

Regulation

Self-duplication

Question 12

How do organ systems maintain boundaries?

Answer 12

Eukaryotic cells have highly specific, semi-permeable membranes

Integumentary system protects body from environmental stimuli and pathogens

Question 13

How do organ systems respond to environmental change?

Answer 13

Ability to sense and response to environmental stimuli

Voluntary and involuntary responses

Question 14

How do organ systems move?

Answer 14

Muscular system moves the bones in the skeletal system both voluntarily and involuntarily

The digestive, urinary, respiratory, reproductive, and cardiovascular system involuntarily

Question 15

How do organs systems digest and ingest?

Answer 15

Breaks down and absorbs nutrients which are moved to tissues through the circulatory system

Question 16

How do organ systems reproduce?

Answer 16

Hormones regulate reproduction

Question 17

How do organ systems grow, starting with nutrients?

Answer 17

Digestive system removes nutrients from food,

Cardiovascular system transports nutrients,

Endocrine system releases hormones that signal growth, musculoskeletal system changes shape

Question 18

How do organ systems excrete?

Answer 18

Waste is eliminated by the body via the digestive and urinary systems

Question 19

How do organ systems metabolize?

Answer 19

Digestive and respiratory system supplies the nutrients and oxygen required to facilitate metabolism

Blood is distributed throughout the body by the circulatory system; endocrine system regulates the body’s metabolism.

Question 20

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 20

Digestive and respiratory system supplies the nutrients and oxygen required to facilitate metabolism

Blood is distributed throughout the body by the circulatory system

Endocrine system regulates the body’s metabolism.