Biology: Organisation Flashcards
State the 4 chambers of the heart
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
State the 4 blood vessels connected to the heart
Pulmonary artery
Vena cava
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
What is happening on the right side of the heart
- Deoxygenated from the body goes through the vena cava to the right atrium
- Right atrium contracts and pushes deoxygenated blood to the right ventricle
- Right ventricle contracts and pushes deoxygenated blood to pulmonary artery to the lungs
What is happening on the left side of the heart
- Pulmonary vein takes oxygenated to the left atrium
- Left atrium contracts pushes the oxygenated blood to the left ventricle
- Left ventricle contracts and pushes the oxygenated blood to the aorta
- Aorta transports the blood to the rest of the body
What is the function of the lungs in the cardiac cycle
Oxygenates the blood
Explain the cardiac cycle (6marks)
- Deoxygenated enters the right atrium via the vena cava
- Right atrium contracts and pushes the blood to the right ventricle
- Right ventricle contracts and pushes the blood into the pulmonary artery
- Blood enters the lungs and oxygenates the blood
- Oxygenated blood enters the pulmonary vein to the left atrium
- Left atrium contracts and pushes the blood into the left ventricle
- Left ventricle contracts and pushes the oxygenated blood to the aorta to the rest of the body
What are the three macronutrients that we consume
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
What are fats broken down into
Fatty acids + glycerol
What are proteins broken down into
Amino acids
What are carbohydrates broken into
Glucose
What is an enzyme
Biological catalyst which speed up reactions in the body
Such as digesting food
What are the three digestive enzymes
Lipase (Fats)
Amylase (Carbs)
Protease (Proteins)
Where can you find amylase
Pancreas
Small intestine
In the saliva in the mouth
Where can you find lipase
Pancreas
Small intestine
Where can you find protease
Pancreas
Small intestine
Stomach
