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Biology; Cytology > Biology of Reproduction > Flashcards

Biology of Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is reproduction?

A

It is the ability of living organisms to produce new individuals

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2
Q

The types of reproduction

A

Sexual and Asexual

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3
Q

How many Parents are needed in Sexual and Asexual Reproduction?

A

Sexual- 2

Asexual-1

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4
Q

Type of Reproductive cell [unit] in each kind of reproduction

A

Sexual- Gamete

Asexual- Somatic cell or it’s group

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5
Q

What is the production and development of sexual cells?

A

Gametogenesis

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6
Q

Kinds of Asexual Reproduction

A

Budding, Fragmentation, Vegetative, Sporogony, Polyembryony

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7
Q

Kinds of sexual Reproduction

A

Unicellular- Conjugation, Copulation

Multicellular- With and without Fertilization.

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8
Q

What is Parthenogenesis?

A

Reproduction without fertilization.

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9
Q

The cell division in asexual and sexual reproduction

A

Asexual- Mitosis

Sexual- Mitosis and Meiosis.

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10
Q

What are the kinds of Gametogenesis?

A

Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis

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11
Q

Stages of Spermatogenesis

A

Multiplication, Division, Growth and Formation.

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12
Q

What are the stages of Oogenesis?

A

Multiplication, Growth and Maturation.

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13
Q

Females are born with how many Oocytes?

A

400000

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14
Q

What hormone triggers Ovulation?

A

Luteinizing Hormone

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15
Q

What is the complete fusion of two gametes to form a Zygote?

A

Copulation

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16
Q

What is conjugation?

A

It is the temporary fusion of two parents which exchange their male pronuclei and then separate. It can be found in paramecium and other ciliates.

17
Q

What is the kind of asexual reproduction in which the individuals reproduce by spores

A

Sporogy

18
Q

What is the fusion of the male and female gametes?

A

Fertilization.

19
Q

The type of cells in each stage of Spermatogenesis includes

A

Multiplication Stage- Spermatogonium
Growth Stage- Primary Spermatocyte
Maturation Stage-Secondary Spermatocyte
Formation Stage- Spermatozoa

20
Q

What is the kind of reproduction in which the daughter individual of a colony develops from it’s Paternal part.

A

Vegetative Propagation.

21
Q

Armadillo’s exhibit what kind of Asexual reproduction and how?

A

Polyembryony. They produce four young ones per Zygote.

22
Q

Hydra and Scypha exhibit what kind of budding?

A

External budding which occurs when buds arise from the surface of their parental body

23
Q

In what case can humans be said to reproduce asexually.

A

In the reproduction of identical twins.

24
Q

What gender is said to be less busy in Meiosis?

A

Female gender

25
Q

What Hormone stimulates the follicles of the ovary to ripen?

A

FSH- Follicle stimulating Hormone.

26
Q

List the Kinds of Ovule with examples

A

Oligoletcithal[small amount of Yolk] e.g mammals.
Mesolecithal [average amount of Yolk] e.g Amphibians and Insects.
Polylecithal [High amount of yolk.] e.g aves, reptiles, pisces

27
Q

List the steps in Fertilization.

A 
Egg activation
Acrosome reaction
Cortex reaction
Fusion of the egg and sperm nuclei
Zygote formation.
28
Q

In what kind of Copulation are the fusing gametes alike morphologically and physiology

A

Isogamy e.g monocysts

29
Q

In what Kind of Copulation are the fusing gametes different in form, size and structure.

A

Anisogamy e.g Humans

30
Q

What is Oogamy?

A

It is when the fusing gametes are different in form, and size. One is big and inactive, while the other is small and active.

31
Q

Male and female gametes are referred to as what and what respectively?

A

Microgametes and Macro gametes /Ova

32
Q

Liver flukes and earthworms are termed as what kind of sexual organisms?

A

Hermaphrodites/Bisexual. They have both male and female gametes

33
Q

What is Plasmotomy?

A

It is the division of a multinucleate parent cell into multinucleate daughter cells without the division of the nucleus. e.g Opoline and Pelomyxa

34
Q

Organisms with one gametes are referred to as?

A

Unisexual or dioeceus.

35
Q

During Spermatogenesis, developing cells keep their heads embedded in the(………………….) to draw nutrients from them

A

Sertoli Cells

36
Q

Development of cells take about?

A

Two months

37
Q

Sexual differentiation begins when?

A

During Gestation.

Biology; Cytology (11 decks)

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