Biology Of Behavior Flashcards

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0
Q

Neuron

A

A nerve cell. Basic building block of the nervous system

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1
Q

Dendrites

A

Receive the info. Bushy branch extensions

Dendrites listen

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2
Q

Axon

A

Neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons.
Terminal button
Axons speak

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3
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Fatty tissue encasing the axons or some neurons. Axons are in the middle and it surrounds them - on diagram

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4
Q

Glial cells

A

Cells in the nervous system that support and protect neurons

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5
Q

Action potential

A

Brief electrical charge. Neural impulse

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6
Q

Threshold

A

Level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse. -55 mv up to +40 mv. Either fires or it doesn’t

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7
Q

Rest of neurons

A

-70 mv inside

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8
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Can turn on or off a receiving neuron. Fits like a lock and key

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9
Q

Synapse

A

Junction between axon tip of the sending neuron and the cell body of the receiving neuron

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10
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Enables muscle action
Not enough- paralysis
Too much- muscle spasms

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11
Q

Serotonin

A

Sleep, mood

Not enough: Linked to depression

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12
Q

Dopamine

A

Reward, addictions, motor movements
Not enough- Parkinson’s
Too much - schizophrenia

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13
Q

Gaba

A

Inhibitory, calms you down

Not enough: anxiety

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14
Q

Glutamate

A

Excitatory neurotransmitter, memory

Not enough: Alzheimer’s

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15
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

16
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Outside the brain, neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body

17
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Controls the body’s skeletal muscles

18
Q

Sensory neurons

A

Eyes ears, carry info from sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

19
Q

Motor neurons

A

Carey info from the brain to muscles,spinal cord and glands

20
Q

Para sympathetic

A

Calms you down, lowers blood sugar and heart rate

21
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight or flight. Blood pressure, heart rate go up. Pupils dilate

22
Q

Autonomic

A

Controls our glands and internal organs

Eg heart beat and digestion