Biology Mock Flashcards
What is the nucleus?
It controls all of the cell’s activities and contains the genes in the chromosomes. They carry the instructions for making new cells or new organisms.
What is cytoplasm?
A liquid gel in which most of the chemical reactions needed for life, take place.
What is the cell membrane?
It controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
It is the structures in the cytoplasm where oxygen is used and most of the energy is released during respiration.
What are ribosomes?
Where protein synthesis takes place. All the proteins needed in a cell are made here.
What are chloroplasts?
They absorb light energy to make food.
What is a permanent vacuole?
It is filled with cell sap.
What components make up most human cells and animal cells?
- a nucleus
- cytoplasm
- a cell membrane
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
What components make up a plant cell?
- a nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
- cell wall
- chloroplasts
- permanent vacuole
What components make up a bacteria cell?
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- ribosomes
- cell wall
- plasmids
- slime capsule
What components make up a yeast cell?
- a nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
- cell wall
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that is specialised to carry out a particular function.
What is diffusion?
It is the spreading of the particles of a gas, or of any substance in a solution, resulting in a net movement from a region where they are of a high concentration to a region with a lower concentration. The greater difference in concentration, to faster the rate of diffusion.
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with similar structure and function
What is muscular tissue?
Tissue which is made up of muscle and it can contact to bring about movement
What is glandular tissue?
Tissue which makes up glands and can produce chemicals such as hormones and enzymes.
What is epithelial tissue?
Tissue made up of relatively unspecialised cells which line tubes and organs of the body.
What tissues are in the stomach?
- muscular tissue, to churn the contents
- glandular tissue, to produce digestive juices
- epithelial tissue, to cover the outside and the inside of the stomach
What does the digestive system include?
- glands, such as the pancreas and salivary glands, which produce digestive juices
- the stomach and small intestine, where digestion occurs
- the liver, which produces bile
- the small intestine, where the absorption of soluble food occurs
- the large intestine, where water is absorbed from the undigested food, producing poo
