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Spanish > Biology Midterm Review > Flashcards

Biology Midterm Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the elements in Carbs?

A

CHO

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2
Q

What is the ratio of CHO in carbs?

A

1:2:1

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3
Q

What are carbs used for?

A

Quick energy and Structure

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4
Q

Examples of carbs

A

Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose

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5
Q

Name the four main polysaccharides for carbs

A

Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin

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6
Q

What are the elements of Lipids?

A

CHO(P)

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7
Q

What is the ratio of CHO in lipids?

A

1:2:few

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8
Q

What are lipids main functions?

A

Store energy, structure, hormones, and Insulation

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9
Q

What type of macromolecule does a Fatty Acid Fall under?

A

Lipids

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10
Q

What are fatty acids used for?

A

energy or structue

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10
Q

Are Saturated fats solid or liquid at room temp.

A

SOLID

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11
Q

What kind of fat increases risk of heart disease?

A

Saturated

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12
Q

What does a saturated fat look like? (straight or sad)

A

Straight

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13
Q

What kind of fat is liquid at room temp?

A

Unsaturated Fats

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14
Q

What do triglycerides do?

A

Provide long term energy storage

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15
Q

What makes up the cell membrane?

A

Phospholipid

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16
Q

Are phospholipids polar or nonpolar?

A

Polar

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17
Q

Are phospholipid heads or tails polar?

A

Head

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18
Q

What does polar mean

A

WATERLOVING

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19
Q

What does nonpolar mean?

A

WATER FEARING

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20
Q

Is testosterone male or female?

A

Male

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21
Q

What kind of macromolecule is a hormone

A

lipid

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22
Q

What are the elements in a preotein?

A

CHON (S)

23
Q

What are the main functions of proteins?

A

Transport, structural support, cell to cell communication and they control chemical reactions

24
Q

An Amino Acid is a simple form of aq ________

A

protein

25
Q

H H O
l l ll
H – N – C – C – OH
l
R

WHAT IS THIS?

A

An amino acid (protein)

26
Q

What is dehydration synthesis

A

the removal of water from monomers to create polymers

27
Q

What are the elements of nucleic acids?

A

CHONP

28
Q

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

A

Nucleotide

29
Q

What is the main function of a nucleic acid?

A

To store and transmit genetic info

30
Q

What are the end goals of mitosis?

A

-to make more cells to help us grow
-to repair tissue

31
Q

In prophase DNA is in the form of ______________

A

Chromatin which is then turned into chromosomes

32
Q

What phase of PMAT is this?
-microtubules of spindle apparatus attach to centromeres and chomosomes align in the middle of the cells

A

metaphase

33
Q

What phase of PMAT is this?
-Microtubules shorten, moving sister chromatids to the opposite poles

A

Anaphase

34
Q

What phase of PMAT is this?
-Chromosomes reach the poles and decondense to chromatin
-Nuclear membrane and nucleolus reform

A

Telophase

35
Q

What phase of PMAT is this?
-Spindle forms
-nucleolus disappears
-nuclear membrane disentegrates

A

Prohphase

36
Q

When is the DNA replicated?

A

During S phase

37
Q

What is the result of mitosis of one diploid cell?

A

Two identical diploid cells

38
Q

Durian has a diploid chromosome number of 56. When cells of the durian fruit undergo mitosis, how many chromosomes are found in each daughter cell?

A

56

39
Q

What do ionic bonds do?

A

Transfer or donate electrons

40
Q

What do covalent bonds do?

A

Share electrons

41
Q

Polar Covalent Bonds

A

unequal sharing of electrons (pull)

42
Q

Nonpolar covalent bonds

A

equal electron sharing (no pull)

43
Q

What macromolecule is cholosterol?

A

A lipid

44
Q

What does Helicase do?

A

opens the DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases

45
Q

What does DNA polymerase do?

A

Adds nucleotides to the replicating 5’3’strand

46
Q

What does ligase do>?

A

connects the ends of DNA

47
Q

What do organic bonds contain?

A

CARBONWh

48
Q

at do inorganic bonds NOT contain?

A

Carbon

49
Q

What did Fredrick griffith do?

A

mice experiment

50
Q

What did Hershey and Chase discover?

A

Bacteriophage stuff

51
Q

What did Rosalind Franklin do?

A

X ray diffraction to discover that Dna is a double helix

52
Q

Who stole the double Helix idea from Rosalind?

A

Watson and Crick

53
Q

What is a hypertonic solution?

A

The concentration of solute molecules OUTSIDE the cells is greater than INSIDE the cell

54
Q

WHat is a Hypotonic solution?

A

concentration of solute molecules in the enviroment OUTSIDE the cell is LOWER than enviroment inside the cell

Spanish (4 decks)

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