Biology: Lipids Flashcards
What is a lipid?
A lipid is a triglyceride made up of one glycerol bonded to three fatty acids by Ester bonds.
Is a lipid a polymer?
No because it is not made up of many monomers
What is a monoglyceriode?
A monoglyceriode is single glycerol bonded to by an Ester bond to one fatty acid
Condensation Reaction - Monoglyceride
The Hydeoxyl group of the reacts with the Hydeoxyl group of the fatty acid. Water is removed to from a Ester bond between the glycerol + fatty acid. A monoglyceriode has been produced and one molecule of water.
What forms do Lipids come in?
Lipids are either fats, oils or waves - different states at room temperature
Emulsion Test - Lipid Test
Lipid Test: Add Ethenol, shake, add water shake
Positive: Milky white emulsion
Negative: Clear
Polyunsaturated
Polyunsatured has more than one double bond in the chain
Phospholipid
A glycerol bonded to two fatty acids via an ester bond. It also is bonded to a phosphate ion.
Fatty acid chains
Different fatty acids have hydrocarbon chains with numbers of carbons. Some carbons are saturated (single bond) and some are unsaturated (double bond)
Phosphate
Phosphate ions have a negative charge
Can water dissolve lipids?
No but Ethenol can dissolve lipids
Plasma membrane
Cell membrane and organelle membranes known as plasma membranes are made from phospholipid bilayer
Lipid
Head - Negative charge and is a hydrophilic glycerol
Tail - No charge and hydrophobic not water soluble, fatty acid chain
Phospholipid bilayer
Non-polar lipid soluble
R group
The R group of a fatty acid may be saturated or unsaturated.
