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Biology Lab > Biology Lab Final > Flashcards

Biology Lab Final Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Lower body

A

Pelvic girdle-acetabulum

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1
Q

Upper body

A

Scapula. Glenoid fossa. Humerus. Radius. Ulna. Hands. clavicle

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2
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder

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3
Q

Glenoid fossa

A

Socket where arm enters

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4
Q

Radius

A

Leads to thumb

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5
Q

Humerus

A

Upper arm bone

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6
Q

Ulna

A

Extends past humerus (elbow)

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7
Q

Hands

A

Carpal bones- bones of wrist
Metacarpals - bones of hand
Phalanges- bones of fingers

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8
Q

Acetabulum

A

Socket for leg bone

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9
Q

Femur

A

Longest bone, upper leg

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10
Q

Tibia

A

Large (thick ) bone that is your leg

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11
Q

Fibula

A

Small thin bone on the side of leg

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12
Q

Patella

A

Knee

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13
Q

Talus

A

Ankle bone

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14
Q

Calcareous

A

Heel bone

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15
Q

Tarsals

A

5 other ankle bones

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16
Q

Humans have 4 types of teeth

A

2 incisors 1 canine 2 premolar 3 molar

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17
Q

Vertebrae. Cervical. Neck.

2 parts are

A

Atlas- nodding

Axis- turning

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18
Q

Other parts of the vertebrae

A

Thoracic-12 vertebrae
Lumbar- 5 vertebrae
Sacrum- 5 fused
Caudal- tail in animal

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19
Q

True ribs

A

1st 7 pairs of ribs- attached to sternum by cartilage

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20
Q

False ribs

A

Next 5 ribs- cartilage attaches to 7th rib

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21
Q

Types of tissues

A

Epithelial - connective- muscular - nervous

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22
Q

Muscular tissue

A

Skeletal muscle- smooth muscle- cardiac muscle

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23
Q

Nervous tissue- 3 functions

A

Sensory input- data integration- motor input

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24
Q

The term nares is another word for

A

Nostrils

25
Q

Movement of food Down esophagus into stomach is called

A

Peristalsis

26
Q

Muscle that divides the thoracic and abdominal cavity is the

A

Diaphragm

27
Q

The small protrusion beneath the tail that extends from a triangular swelling that indicates if the pig is a female is called

A

Uragenerial pupil

28
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Heart. Blood. Blood vessels

29
Q

Four steps of cellular respiration

A

Gylcolisys
Transition reaction
Citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain

30
Q

Anaerobic

A

Refers to a condition when oxygen isn’t present

31
Q

What was NaF and MgSO4 where used for in the experiment?

A

NaF- inhibitor (stops) glycolysis

MgSO4 - speeds up glycolysis

32
Q

In yeast, fermentation results in the production of

A

Ethanol & CO2

33
Q

Basic volume of science

A

Liter

34
Q

Place the following prefixes in order from smallest to largest:
Deci, micro, deca, kilo, milli

A

Micro, milli, deci, deca, kilo

35
Q

Metabolism

A

Are all of the chemical reactions in the cell

36
Q

The specificity of an enzyme to its substrate is likened to a

A

Lock and key

37
Q

Sucrase

A

Is an enzyme

38
Q

Sucrose

A

Is a substrate

39
Q

Briefly describe how temperatures affects enzyme function and the rate of a reaction

A

Cold temperature- slows down the reaction. Enzyme moves slow
Higher temperature - enzyme will move faster.
If it gets to hot the enzyme will be destroyed and there will be no reaction

40
Q

Enzymes are used -

A

so a cell or molecule do not need to use to much energy. If an enzyme is not present a reaction can still occur. A reaction just needs energy to happen.

41
Q

4 Biological molecules

A

Lipids- carbohydrates- proteins - nucleic acid

42
Q

Diffusion

A

The movement of particles from areas if High concentration to low concentration

43
Q

Osmosis

A

The movement of water molecules through a membrane from areas of high concentration to low concentration

44
Q

5 stages of mitosis

A

Prophase- pro metaphase - metaphase - anaphase- telophase

45
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Division of the cell and cytoplasm into halves, each half containing a nucleus

46
Q

Centromere

A

Location in a chromosome where two chromatids attach

47
Q

Thalykoid

A

Location in the chloroplast where the light reaction occurs

48
Q

Stroma

A

The location in the chloroplast where the Calvin cycle occurs.

49
Q

Cerebrum

A

Composed of white matter
Motor commands
Ensures that the proper muscle groups are either activities or inhibited

50
Q

Cerebellum

A

Largest portion of hind brain
Recovers sensory input from the eyes, ears, joints and muscles.
Sends motor impulses out the brain stem to the skeletal muscles

51
Q

Brain stem

A

-Contains the midbrain, the pons and the medulla oblongata.
-Midbrain- passes between cerebrum and spinal cord or cerebellum
-pons- helps regulate breathing and head movements
Medulla oblongata- contains reflex centers for vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccuping and swallowing

52
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Sensory receptors responsible for taste and smell.

53
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Sensory receptors that are sensitive to light

54
Q

Retina - inner layers

A

Contains photoreceptors called rod cells and come cells

55
Q

Choroid- thin middle layer

A

Contains blood vessels. Infrint of the eye, the choroid thickens to form the ciliary body and the iris

56
Q

Outer ear

A

Pinnacle and auditory canal

57
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Takes place in the green portions of plants. Captures solar energy. Uses sunlight to produce carbohydrate. Process requires sunlight, carbon dioxide and water and produces oxygen

58
Q

Three basic shapes of bacteria

A

Spherical coccyx, rod-shaped bacillus and spiral spirillum rigid or spirochete flexible

59
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

Protists, fungi, plants and animals.

Contain organelles.

Biology Lab (5 decks)

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