Biology human reproduction Flashcards
The reproductive organs
Gonads
Where are the 3 gifts granted
1) Prostate gland
2) Cowper’s gland
3) Seminal vessel
The egg is released into the oviduct with the help of fimbraie midway in menstrual cycle.
Ovulation
What are the 5 stages of the menstrual cycle
1) Follicular stage
2) Ovulation
3) Luteal stage
4) Menstrual stage
The splitting of the zygote. The cell divides but does not grow.
Cleavage
Mass of identical cell
Morula
A hollow ball of cell where differentiation of the cells begin.
Blastocyst
The inner cell mass of the blastocyst becomes specialized cells.
Gastrula
When the nervous system forms.
Nerula
What are the 3 primary germ layers
1) Ectoderm
2) Mesoderm
3) Endoderm
Produces sperm
Seminiferous tubules
Secrets testosterone
Interstitial cells
Where sperm mature and become motile
Epididymis
storage duct leading to the penis, where sperm move out to the penis
Vasdeferens
secretes a milky fluid that increases the pH in the female reproductive tract
Prostate gland
secrete a clear mucus fluid that aids in lubrication and neutralizes the acidity of any urine in the urethra
Cowpers gland
produce a mucus-like fluid that contains the sugar fructose, which provides energy for the sperm
Seminal vessicle
sweep an egg into the oviduct
Fimbriae
Conduct an egg from ovary to uterus; where fertilization occurs / the tube through which an ovum or egg passes from an ovary.
Oviduct
membrane that lines the uterus; provides nutrients to the fetus
Endometrium
the opening to the uterus
Cervix
gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis, among other tissues.
Ectoderm
gives rise to the muscle cells and connective tissue in the body.
Mesoderm
gives rise to the gut and many internal organs
Endoderm
a transparent sac that develops from cells of the embryonic disk, to enclose the embryo completely.
Amnion
a small sac that is suspended from the abdominal area of the embryo. It contributes to the formation of the digestive tract and produces the first blood cells and the future egg or sperm cells
Yolk sac
forms the foundation for the umbilical cord, also becomes part of the urinary bladder.
Allantois
the outermost membrane. It encloses all the other primary membranes, as well as the embryo. forms the fetal portion of the placenta.
Chorion
finger like projection massage ovary & causes a follicle to break open & release egg
Fimbriae
a syndrome associated with a decrease in sexual satisfaction or a decline in a feeling of general well-being with low levels of testosterone in older man.most men have a gradual decline in testosterone at around age 40.
Andropause
As women age the # of functioning follicles decrease, this causes a gradual decline in estrogen & progesterone in the blood. As the hormones drop the menstrual cycle becomes irregular & within a few years it stops altogether
Menopause
The horomone that triggers the start of puberty
GnHR
Produced by the pituitary gland it is responsible for the follicles developing into eggs & secreting estrogen.
FSH
Produced by the pituitary gland, it increases sperm formation & stimulates the development of sex organs. Helps control the amount of sperm created.
FSH
Produced by the pituitary gland, it stimulates the interstitial cells to produce testosterone.
LH
Produced by the pituitary gland it triggers the release of an ovum from the follicle.
LH
the process of ovulation and menstruation in women
Menstrual cycle
Produced in the testes this steroid hormone regulated male characteristics.
Testosterone
a female reproductive organ in which ovum or eggs are produced, present in humans and other vertebrates as a pair.
Ovary
A small, fluid-filled sac in the ovary that contains one immature egg.
Follicle
A protein secreted by the Sertoli cells in men. It acts on the hypothalamus to slow the production of release factors for FSH. It acts on the pituitary gland to prevent the production of FSH. When FSH drops the testes release less blank. When the black drops the pituitary gland releases more FSH. This negative feedback loop regulates sperm production.
Inhibin
Produced by the follicles it is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium, & keeps FSH secretions down to prevent other follicles from developing.
Estrogen
First produced by the corpus luteum & ovary to prepare the uterus for fertilization, then later by the placenta to maintain pregnancy.
progesterone
the duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder, and which in male vertebrates also conveys semen.
Urethra
the narrow passage forming the lower end of the uterus.
Cervix
Mix of sperm, alkaline fluid, lubricant, and sugar.
Semen
Vas deferens & urethra
Penis
the muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women and most female mammals.
Vagina
The hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman’s pelvis
Uterus
an organ which produces sperm (male reproductive cells).
Testes
the process in a woman of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about one lunar month from puberty until menopause, except during pregnancy.
Menstruation
